{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T17:08:35Z","timestamp":1773421715383,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"American Physiological Society","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Endurance impact exercise, e.g., running, is known to enhance the intestinal calcium absorption. However, nonimpact exercise, e.g., swimming, is more appropriate for osteoporotic patients with cardiovascular diseases or disorders of bone and joint, but the effect of swimming on the intestinal calcium transport was unknown. This study, therefore, aimed to investigate the transepithelial calcium transport and the expression of related genes in the intestine of rats trained to swim nonstop 1 h\/day, 5 days\/wk for 2 wk. We found that endurance swimming stimulated calcium transport in the duodenum, proximal jejunum, and cecum, while decreasing that in the proximal colon. Swimming affected neither the transepithelial potential difference nor resistance. As demonstrated by real-time PCR, the small intestine, especially the duodenum, responded to swimming by upregulating a number of genes related to the transcellular calcium transport, i.e., TRPV5, TRPV6, calbindin-D<jats:sub>9k<\/jats:sub>, PMCA<jats:sub>1b<\/jats:sub>, and NCX1, and the paracellular calcium transport, i.e., ZO-1, ZO-2, ZO-3, cingulin, occludin, and claudins, as well as nuclear receptor of 1,25(OH)<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>D<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>. In contrast, swimming downregulated those genes in the colon. Microarray analysis showed that swimming also altered the expression of duodenal genes related to the transport of several ions and nutrients, e.g., Na<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>, K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>, Cl<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>, glucose, and amino acids. In conclusion, endurance swimming enhanced intestinal calcium absorption, in part, by upregulating the calcium transporter genes. The present microarray study also provided relevant information for further investigations into the intestinal nutrient and electrolyte transport during nonimpact exercise.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.90904.2008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,28]],"date-time":"2009-01-28T04:45:07Z","timestamp":1233117907000},"page":"E775-E786","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Endurance swimming stimulates transepithelial calcium transport and alters the expression of genes related to calcium absorption in the intestine of rats"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"296","author":[{"given":"Jarinthorn","family":"Teerapornpuntakit","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nitita","family":"Dorkkam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kannikar","family":"Wongdee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nateetip","family":"Krishnamra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Narattaphol","family":"Charoenphandhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"24","reference":[{"key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2005.099135"},{"key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00017.2003"},{"key":"R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.29.6.816"},{"key":"R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.2001.280.2.G285"},{"key":"R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2007-1655"},{"key":"R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bindels RJ, Timmermans JA, Hartog A, Coers W, van Os CH.Calbindin-D9kand parvalbumin are exclusively located along basolateral membranes in rat distal nephron.J Am Soc Nephrol2: 1122\u20131129, 1991.","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V261122"},{"key":"R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/Y07-041"},{"key":"R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00108.2006"},{"key":"R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2008.09.025"},{"key":"R10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2007.01.063"},{"key":"R11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2004.08.027"},{"key":"R12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2006.10.005"},{"key":"R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2005.tb02655.x"},{"key":"R14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/y03-047"},{"key":"R15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2003.005041"},{"key":"R16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.1985.248.2.G147"},{"key":"R17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2004.11.052"},{"key":"R18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.E07-09-0973"},{"key":"R19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gisolfi CV.Is the GI system built for exercise?News Physiol Sci15: 114\u2013119, 2000.","DOI":"10.1152\/physiologyonline.2000.15.3.114"},{"key":"R20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Greger R.Epithelial transport In:Comprehensive Human Physiology: From Cellular Mechanisms to Integration, edited by Greger R, Windhorst U. Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag, 1996, p. 1217\u20131232.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-60946-6"},{"key":"R21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.E06-02-0122"},{"key":"R22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.2001.91.4.1663"},{"key":"R23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0706889"},{"key":"R24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00003.2004"},{"key":"R25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0196-9781(94)90120-1"},{"key":"R26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.01076.2002"},{"key":"R27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00181.2006"},{"key":"R28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00142.2007"},{"key":"R29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(91)90581-5"},{"key":"R30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01296104"},{"key":"R31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.2739104"},{"key":"R32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abb.2004.09.004"},{"key":"R33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-965163"},{"key":"R34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/meth.2001.1262"},{"key":"R35","unstructured":"Margolius HS, Halushka PV, Chao J, Miller DH, Cuthbert AW, Spayne JA.Studies of the kallikrein-kinin system and prostaglandins in epithelial ion transport.Soc Gen Physiol Ser39: 121\u2013133, 1985."},{"key":"R36","unstructured":"McArdle WD, Katch FI, Katch VL.Training for anaerobic and aerobic power. In:Exercise Physiology: Energy, Nutrition and Human Performance, edited by McArdle WD, Katch FI, Katch VL. Baltimore, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2007, p. 469\u2013507."},{"key":"R37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.2001.91.5.2322"},{"key":"R38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Melton SA, Hegsted M, Keenan MJ, Morris GS, O'Neil CE, Zablah-Pimentel EM.Water exercise prevents femur density loss associated with ovariectomy in the retired breeder rat.J Strength Cond Res18: 508\u2013512, 2004.","DOI":"10.1519\/00124278-200408000-00020"},{"key":"R39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000014090"},{"key":"R40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2006.124768"},{"key":"R41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/geno.2000.6203"},{"key":"R42","unstructured":"Naftchi NE, Viau AT, Sell GH, Lowman EW.Spinal cord injury: effect of thyrocalcitonin on calcium, magnesium and phosphorus in paraplegic rats.Arch Phys Med Rehabil61: 575\u2013579, 1980."},{"key":"R43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2114\/jpa.21.229"},{"key":"R44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2133\/dmpk.21.357"},{"key":"R45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000137890"},{"key":"R46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00774-006-0686-z"},{"key":"R47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2003-0314"},{"key":"R48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0926-6569(63)90146-9"},{"key":"R49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004872-199715060-00012"},{"key":"R50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/O07-142"},{"key":"R51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00036.2003"},{"key":"R52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.physiol.68.040104.131404"},{"key":"R53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2982.1999.00169.x"},{"key":"R54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/134.11.3137"},{"key":"R55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/122.suppl_3.662"},{"key":"R56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-002-0653-x"},{"key":"R57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.1990.258.2.E263"},{"key":"R58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.1989.256.1.E1"},{"key":"R59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(92)90045-K"},{"key":"R60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002230001132"},{"key":"R61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-002-0375-1"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.physiology.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1152\/ajpendo.90904.2008","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,30]],"date-time":"2021-09-30T17:17:28Z","timestamp":1633022248000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.physiology.org\/doi\/10.1152\/ajpendo.90904.2008"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,4]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1152\/ajpendo.90904.2008"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/ajpendo.90904.2008","relation":{},"ISSN":["0193-1849","1522-1555"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0193-1849","type":"print"},{"value":"1522-1555","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,4]]}}}