{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T18:07:30Z","timestamp":1790705250175,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"American Physiological Society","issue":"2","funder":[{"name":"Abbott Laboratory GmbH"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The effect of pancreatic exocrine insufficiency (PEI) on protein malabsorption is little documented, partly due to methodological barriers. We aimed to validate biomarkers of protein malabsorption using a<jats:sup>15<\/jats:sup>N test meal in a minipig model of PEI. Six pancreatic duct-ligated minipigs were used as a model of PEI and four nonoperated animals as a control. All animals were equipped with an ileocecal reentrant cannula. Minipigs were given a test meal containing [<jats:sup>15<\/jats:sup>N]casein. The PEI animals repeated the test three times, in the absence of any pancreatic enzymes, or after pancreatic substitution at two levels [ A or B: 7,500 or 75,000 (lipase) and 388 or 3881 (protease) FIP U]. Ileal chyme, urine, and blood were collected postprandially. Nitrogen and<jats:sup>15<\/jats:sup>N were measured in digestive and metabolic pools. We obtained a gradient of ileal protein digestibility from 29\u2009\u00b1\u200911% in PEI to 89\u2009\u00b1\u20096% in the controls and a dose- dependent response of enzymes. Insulin and gastric inhibitory polypeptide secretions were decreased by PEI, an effect that was counteracted with the enzymes at level B. The total recovery of<jats:sup>15<\/jats:sup>N in urinary urea and plasma proteins was 14\u2009\u00b1\u20095.1% in the control group and decreased to 5.5\u2009\u00b1\u20092.1% by PEI. It was dose dependently restored by the treatment. Both<jats:sup>15<\/jats:sup>N recovery in plasma and urine were correlated to protein digestibility. We confirm that the<jats:sup>15<\/jats:sup>N transfer in those pools is a sensitive marker of protein malabsorption. Nevertheless, an optimization of the test meal conditions would be necessary in the view of implementing a clinical test.<\/jats:p><jats:p>NEW &amp; NOTEWORTHY We designed an intervention study to create a gradient of ileal protein digestibility in minipigs with pancreatic exocrine insufficiency and to validate reliable metabolic markers using a<jats:sup>15<\/jats:sup>N oral meal test.<jats:sup>15<\/jats:sup>N recovery in plasma proteins and to a higher extent in urine was sensitive to protein malabsorption. This test is minimally invasive and could be used to reveal protein malabsorption in patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00218.2017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,26]],"date-time":"2017-10-26T17:30:31Z","timestamp":1509039031000},"page":"G223-G230","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Metabolic markers of protein maldigestion after a<sup>15<\/sup>N test meal in minipigs with pancreatic exocrine insufficiency"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"314","author":[{"given":"Florence","family":"Mary","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"UMR PNCA, AgroParisTech, INRA, Universit\u00e9 Paris Saclay, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Moesseler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Animal Nutrition, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hanover, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nadezda","family":"Khodorova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UMR PNCA, AgroParisTech, INRA, Universit\u00e9 Paris Saclay, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ang\u00e9lique","family":"Foucault-Simonin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UMR PNCA, AgroParisTech, INRA, Universit\u00e9 Paris Saclay, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Benamouzig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UMR PNCA, AgroParisTech, INRA, Universit\u00e9 Paris Saclay, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Tom\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UMR PNCA, AgroParisTech, INRA, Universit\u00e9 Paris Saclay, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter Colin","family":"Gregory","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Abbott Laboratories, Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claire","family":"Gaudichon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UMR PNCA, AgroParisTech, INRA, Universit\u00e9 Paris Saclay, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"24","reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2011.06.006"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.76.4.349"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/002367793781082412"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/129.5.969"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2007.03.054"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5863\/1551-6776-12.1.47"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/137.3.594"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/107.7.1216"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2011.02.027"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00275269"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2013.11.004"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.46.1.52"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0b013e31802c0ceb"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MPA.0000000000000674"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.30.153.424"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0396.2005.00545.x"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00059.2006"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.34.7.984"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.111.033472"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/133.9.2733"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1745039X.2015.1009612"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu9020150"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.livsci.2007.01.055"},{"key":"B24","unstructured":"Naumann K, Bassler R. 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