{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T08:21:01Z","timestamp":1776068461227,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"American Physiological Society","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Acute cholecystitis develops in gallbladders (GB) with excessive bile cholesterol (Ch). Increased membrane Ch content affects membrane function and may affect PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>receptors involved in the cytoprotection against acute inflammation. This study was aimed at determining whether the cytoprotective response to PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>is affected by lithogenic bile with Ch. Muscle cells from human GB with cholesterol stones (ChS) or pigment stones (PS) were obtained by enzymatic digestion. PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>levels were measured by radioimmunoassay, and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase were assayed by spectrophotometry. The contraction in response to H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>in muscle cells from PS was 14 \u00b1 0.3%, not different from normal controls, and decreased after the cells were incubated with Ch-rich liposomes ( P &lt; 0.05), which increase the Ch content in the plasma membranes. In muscle cells from GB with ChS, H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>-induced contraction was only 9.2 \u00b1 1.3% and increased to 14 \u00b1 0.2% after Ch-free liposome treatment to remove Ch from the plasma membranes ( P &lt; 0.01). H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>caused a similar increase in the levels of lipid peroxidation and PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>content in muscle cells from GBs with ChS and PS. However, the activities of SOD and catalase were significantly lower in muscle cells from GBs with ChS compared with those with PS. The binding capacity of PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>receptors was also significantly lower in muscle cells from GBs with ChS compared with those with PS. In conclusion, the cytoprotective response to reactive oxygen species is reduced in muscle cells from GBs with ChS despite a normal increase in the cellular levels of PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>. This impaired cytoprotective response may be due to a dysfunction of PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>receptors with decreased binding capacity resulting from excessive Ch levels in the plasma membrane.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00261.2004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,15]],"date-time":"2004-10-15T00:36:14Z","timestamp":1097800574000},"page":"G525-G532","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Impaired cytoprotective function of muscle in human gallbladders with cholesterol stones"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"288","author":[{"given":"Zuo-Liang","family":"Xiao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Amaral","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Piero","family":"Biancani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jose","family":"Behar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"24","reference":[{"key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(94)90423-5"},{"key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2001.21190"},{"key":"R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-1833-4_4"},{"key":"R4","unstructured":"Baum H.Oxygen radicals and singlet oxygen.Mol Aspects Med8: 93\u2013109, 1995."},{"key":"R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.1989.257.2.C306"},{"key":"R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M301292200"},{"key":"R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi035023f"},{"key":"R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(99)70190-3"},{"key":"R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(97)70189-6"},{"key":"R10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.1998.274.2.G283"},{"key":"R11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(70)90083-7"},{"key":"R12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1615-9861(200103)1:3<435::AID-PROT435>3.0.CO;2-Q"},{"key":"R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(98)70381-6"},{"key":"R14","unstructured":"Freeman BAand Crapo JD.Biology of disease: free radicals and tissue injury.Lab Invest47: 412\u2013426, 1982."},{"key":"R15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.1992.263.3.L402"},{"key":"R16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1993.74.5.2105"},{"key":"R17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800741205"},{"key":"R18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0952-3278(89)90084-7"},{"key":"R19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2736(78)90433-9"},{"key":"R20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.1998.275.3.Ca1"},{"key":"R21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-6109(16)42485-0"},{"key":"R22","unstructured":"Mead JF.Free radical mechanisms of lipid damage and consequences for cellular membranes. In:Free Radicals in Biology, edited by W. A. Pryor. New York: Academic, 1976, p. 51\u201368."},{"key":"R23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.1991.260.6.G881"},{"key":"R24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.1991.260.4.G571"},{"key":"R25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(80)90515-1"},{"key":"R26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.2000.279.4.C925"},{"key":"R27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/abio.1993.1521"},{"key":"R28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1026655311878"},{"key":"R29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(79)90738-3"},{"key":"R30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9610(80)90428-6"},{"key":"R31","unstructured":"Sharif NA, Xu SX, Williams GW, Crider JY, Griffin BW, and Davis TL.Pharmacology of [3H]prostaglandin E1\/[3H]prostaglandin E2and [3H]prostaglandin F2\u03b1Binding to EP3and FP prostaglandin receptor binding sites in bovine corpus luteum: characterization and correlation with functional data.J Pharmacol Exp Ther286: 1094\u20131102, 1998."},{"key":"R32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shaw MJ, Hadac EM, and Miller LJ.Preparation of enriched plasma membrane from bovine gallbladder muscularis for characterization of cholecystokinin receptors.J Biol Chem29: 14313\u201314318, 1987.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)47939-2"},{"key":"R33","unstructured":"Strasberg S.Acute calculus cholecystitis. In:Gastroenterology(5th ed.), edited by Berk JE. Philadelphia: Saunders, 1995, p. 2635\u20132664."},{"key":"R34","unstructured":"Strasberg SM.Acute acalculus cholecystitis. In:Gastroenterology(5th ed.), edited by Berk JE. Philadelphia: Saunders, 1995, p. 2665\u20132673."},{"key":"R35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/B:BGEN.0000038024.58911.6e"},{"key":"R36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510300108"},{"key":"R37","unstructured":"Van der Vliet A, Tuinstra TJ, Rademaker B, and Bast A.Intestinal motility disorder induced by peroxides: possible role of lipid peroxidation.Res Commun Chem Pathol Pharmacol70: 227\u2013243, 1990."},{"key":"R38","unstructured":"Weiss SJ.Oxygen as a new weapon in the phagocyte armamentarium. In:Handbook of Inflammation: Immunology of Inflammation, edited by Ward P. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1983, p. 37\u201387."},{"key":"R39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.1942.01210220061004"},{"key":"R40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00247.2003"},{"key":"R41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2003.50243"},{"key":"R42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.1999.276.6.G1401"},{"key":"R43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.2001.281.2.G490"},{"key":"R44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(99)70139-3"},{"key":"R45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00241.2001"},{"key":"R46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00536.2001"},{"key":"R47","unstructured":"Xiao ZL, Schmitz F, Biancani P, and Behar J.Role of Caveolin-3 proteins in the cholesterol induced impaired human gallbladder contraction in response to CCK-8 (Abstract).Gastroenterology. In press."},{"key":"R48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2004.04.006"},{"key":"R49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.1996.271.1.G56"},{"key":"R50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.1995.269.5.G659"},{"key":"R51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(94)90713-7"},{"key":"R52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.1993.265.6.G1082"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.physiology.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1152\/ajpgi.00261.2004","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,26]],"date-time":"2021-06-26T15:34:35Z","timestamp":1624721675000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.physiology.org\/doi\/10.1152\/ajpgi.00261.2004"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,3]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1152\/ajpgi.00261.2004"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/ajpgi.00261.2004","relation":{},"ISSN":["0193-1857","1522-1547"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0193-1857","type":"print"},{"value":"1522-1547","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,3]]}}}