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In this report, we show that monochloramine also leads to disturbances in intracellular free zinc concentration ([Zn<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub>) in the gastric gland of the rabbit and that the increased Zn<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>within the cell causes an independent decrease in cell viability. Changes in [Zn<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub>were measured by using the fluorescent reporter FluoZin-3, whereas cell viability was assessed by measuring the conversion of calcein-AM to fluorescent calcein, an assay that is not affected by intracellular oxidation state. Cell death was confirmed using propidium iodide and YO-PRO-1 dye uptake measurements. Our experiments demonstrate that [Zn<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub>is increased in gastric glands exposed to NH<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>Cl and that elevated [Zn<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub>decreases cell viability. Chelation of Zn<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>with tetrakis-(2-pyridylmethyl) ethylenediamine decreases the toxicity of NH<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>Cl, but only when administered concurrently. These findings suggest that the toxic effect of thiol oxidants present during chronic gastritis is partially due to dysregulation of [Zn<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub>early in the process and that zinc chelation can protect, but not rescue, gastric glands exposed to toxic doses of NH<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>Cl.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00355.2009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,30]],"date-time":"2010-04-30T01:53:49Z","timestamp":1272592429000},"page":"G170-G178","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Monochloramine-induced toxicity and dysregulation of intracellular Zn<sup>2+<\/sup>in parietal cells of rabbit gastric glands"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"299","author":[{"given":"Jonathan E.","family":"Kohler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. 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