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Because PAD levels are elevated in mouse and human colitis, we hypothesized that a novel small-molecule inhibitor of the PADs, i.e., chloramidine (Cl-amidine), could suppress colitis in a dextran sulfate sodium mouse model. Results are consistent with this hypothesis, as demonstrated by the finding that Cl-amidine treatment, both prophylactic and after the onset of disease, reduced the clinical signs and symptoms of colitis, without any indication of toxic side effects. Interestingly, Cl-amidine drives apoptosis of inflammatory cells in vitro and in vivo, providing a mechanism by which Cl-amidine suppresses colitis. In total, these data help validate the PADs as therapeutic targets for the treatment of IBD and further suggest Cl-amidine as a candidate therapy for this disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00435.2010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,18]],"date-time":"2011-03-18T00:53:19Z","timestamp":1300409599000},"page":"G929-G938","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":190,"title":["Suppression of colitis in mice by Cl-amidine: a novel peptidylarginine deiminase inhibitor"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"300","author":[{"given":"Alexander A.","family":"Chumanevich","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, South Carolina College of Pharmacy,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Corey P.","family":"Causey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of 2Chemistry and Biochemistry and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bryan 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