{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,2]],"date-time":"2022-04-02T12:12:54Z","timestamp":1648901574904},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"American Physiological Society","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1993,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> To investigate whether submucosally applied endothelin-1 (ET-1) can induce gastric ulcer, ET-1 (62.5, 125, 250, and 500 pmol\/kg) was injected in the submucosal layer of the rat gastric body. Twenty-four hours later, gastric ulcer (ulcer area: 10.31 +\/- 5.13 mm2, mean +\/- SE, at 500 pmol\/kg, n = 8) was induced. The mucosal damage induced by the two highest doses was present even at 2 wk after their injection. Measurement of the mucosal blood flow at the injected area with three different methods (laser-Doppler flowmetry, hydrogen gas clearance, and reflectance spectrophotometry) revealed that injected ET-1 produced an extremely long-lasting vasoconstriction. Pretreatment with nicardipine, a Ca(2+)-channel blocker (1 mg\/kg iv), significantly attenuated the ET-1-induced mucosal damage as well as the decrease in mucosal blood flow. Pretreatment with omeprazole (5-40 mumol\/kg) also, significantly attenuated the ET-1-induced mucosal damage. Combined pretreatment with omeprazole (40 mumol\/kg) and nicardipine almost abolished the ET-1-induced damage. The present study shows that a novel model for experimental ulcers can be induced by submucosal injection of ET-1. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.1993.265.3.g491","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,24]],"date-time":"2017-12-24T04:56:13Z","timestamp":1514091373000},"page":"G491-G498","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Gastric ulcer induced by submucosal injection of ET-1: role of potent vasoconstriction and intraluminal acid"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"265","author":[{"given":"S.","family":"Lazaratos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki,Japan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Kashimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki,Japan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Nakahara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki,Japan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Fukutomi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki,Japan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Osuga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki,Japan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Urushidani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki,Japan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Miyauchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki,Japan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Goto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki,Japan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"24","container-title":["American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.physiology.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1152\/ajpgi.1993.265.3.G491","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,8]],"date-time":"2019-09-08T23:02:20Z","timestamp":1567983740000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.physiology.org\/doi\/10.1152\/ajpgi.1993.265.3.G491"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1993,9,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1993,9,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1152\/ajpgi.1993.265.3.G491"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/ajpgi.1993.265.3.g491","relation":{},"ISSN":["0193-1857","1522-1547"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0193-1857","type":"print"},{"value":"1522-1547","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1993,9,1]]}}}