{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T17:00:23Z","timestamp":1773421223205,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"American Physiological Society","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Epinephrine and \u03b2-adrenergic agonists (\u03b2<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> and \u03b2<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> for isoproterenol, \u03b2<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> for dobutamine, \u03b2<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> for salbutamol) stimulated K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> (or<jats:sup>86<\/jats:sup>Rb) influx mediated by the Na<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>-K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>-2Cl<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>cotransporter and the Na<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>-K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>pump in isolated colonic crypt cells. Preincubation with bumetanide abolished the epinephrine effect on the Na<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>-K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>pump, suggesting that the primary effect is on the cotransporter. Maximal effect was obtained with 1 \u03bcM epinephrine with an EC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub> of 91.6 \u00b1 9.98 nM. Epinephrine-induced K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> transport was blocked by propranolol with an IC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub> of 134 \u00b1 28.2 nM. \u03b1-Adrenergic drugs did not modify K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> transport mechanisms. Neither Ba<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> nor tetraethylammonium nor DIDS modified the adrenergic enhancement on the cotransporter. In addition, epinephrine did not affect K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> efflux. Dibutyryl cAMP did not alter K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> transport. Reduction of extracellular Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> to 30 nM did not influence the response to epinephrine. However, 1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane- N, N, N\u2032, N\u2032-tetraacetic acid-AM abolished epinephrine-induced K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> transport. Ionomycin increased Na<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>-K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>-2Cl<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>cotransport activity. Moreover, epinephrine increased intracellular Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> concentration in a process inhibited by propranolol. In conclusion, epinephrine stimulated the Na<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>-K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>-2Cl<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>cotransporter in a process mediated by \u03b2<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>- and \u03b2<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>-receptors and modulated by intracellular Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> liberation. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.1999.277.3.g563","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,24]],"date-time":"2017-12-24T05:04:26Z","timestamp":1514091866000},"page":"G563-G571","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["\u03b2-Adrenergic agonists stimulate Na<sup>+<\/sup>-K<sup>+<\/sup>-Cl<sup>\u2212<\/sup>cotransport  by inducing intracellular Ca<sup>2+<\/sup> liberation in crypt cells"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"277","author":[{"given":"Jes\u00fas R.","family":"del Castillo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Biof\u0131\u0301sica y Bioqu\u0131\u0301mica, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Cient\u0131\u0301ficas, Caracas 1020-A, Venezuela"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julio C.","family":"Ar\u00e9valo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Biof\u0131\u0301sica y Bioqu\u0131\u0301mica, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Cient\u0131\u0301ficas, Caracas 1020-A, Venezuela"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luis","family":"Burguillos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Biof\u0131\u0301sica y Bioqu\u0131\u0301mica, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Cient\u0131\u0301ficas, Caracas 1020-A, Venezuela"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda C.","family":"S\u00falbaran-Carrasco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Biof\u0131\u0301sica y Bioqu\u0131\u0301mica, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Cient\u0131\u0301ficas, Caracas 1020-A, Venezuela"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"24","reference":[{"key":"B2","first-page":"317","volume":"21","author":"Chwalinski S.","year":"1988","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Kinet."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.1991.260.3.C626"},{"issue":"29","key":"B4","first-page":"G1083","volume":"266","author":"Del Castillo J. 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