{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T06:04:26Z","timestamp":1793253866110,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"American Physiological Society","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>T helper 2 (Th2) cytokines interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13, which activate signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) are expressed in the muscularis externa during nematode infection and are candidate mediators of the associated hypercontractility. To determine the locus of action of these cytokines, we examined the IL-4- and IL-13-induced hypercontractility of the isolated muscle cells from STAT6 +\/+ and STAT6 \u2212\/\u2212 mice. We compared the results with cells isolated from Trichinella spiralis-infected STAT6 +\/+ and STAT6 \u2212\/\u2212 mice. Carbamylcholine chloride (Carbachol) induced the contraction of jejunal muscle cells in a concentration-dependent manner maximal contraction (R<jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>26.7 \u00b1 1.9%). Cells from T. spiralis-infected STAT6 \u2212\/\u2212 mice showed the hypertrophy (cell lengths 41.4 \u00b1 0.8 to 89.0 \u00b1 8.7 \u03bcm) and hypercontractility (R<jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>37.5 \u00b1 1.3%) induced by infection. IL-4R\u03b1 mRNA was detected in dispersed smooth muscle cells. Incubation of longitudinal muscle-myenteric plexus (LMMP) with IL-4 and IL-13 enhanced Carbachol-induced muscle contraction (R<jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>35.5 \u00b1 1.9 and 32.4 \u00b1 2.9%, respectively). Incubation of LMMP from STAT6 \u2212\/\u2212 mice with IL-4 did not enhance the contraction. The hypercontractility in T. spiralis-infected mice was attenuated in STAT6 \u2212\/\u2212 mice ( P &lt; 0.02). These results indicate both IL-4 and IL-13 induce hypercontractility of muscle cells via the STAT6 pathway, and this is the basis for hypercontractility observed in T. spiralis-infected mice.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.2002.282.2.g226","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,24]],"date-time":"2017-12-24T15:51:47Z","timestamp":1514130707000},"page":"G226-G232","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":120,"title":["Role of IL-4, IL-13, and STAT6 in inflammation-induced hypercontractility of murine smooth muscle cells"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"282","author":[{"given":"Hirotada","family":"Akiho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Intestinal Diseases Research Program, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8N3Z5, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia","family":"Blennerhassett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intestinal Diseases Research Program, Department of 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