{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T10:45:59Z","timestamp":1761561959272},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"American Physiological Society","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> We tested whether biventricular resynchronization explains contractile function changes with univentricular and biventricular pacing in heart failure patients with varying magnitudes of baseline biventricular asynchrony. Thirty patients (New York Hospital Association class \u2265 III, QRS duration \u2265120 ms) were tested. Contractile function was measured by left ventricular maximum first derivative of pressure over time (dP\/d t<jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>). Biventricular mechanical asynchrony was quantified by the normalized pressure-pressure (NPP) loop area formed by the cross-plot of right and left intraventricular pressure curves from each cardiac cycle. Any ventricular pacing increased dP\/d t<jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub> if it decreased baseline NPP loop area and almost always worsened dP\/d t<jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub> and asynchrony when baseline NPP loop area &lt;0.3. The quantitative relationship between dP\/d t<jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub> and NPP loop area change depended on ventricular pacing site and timing relative to intrinsic activation. For similar NPP loop decreases, dP\/d t<jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub> increased 16% more with left and biventricular pacing compared with right ventricular pacing. In conclusion, right, left, or biventricular pacing can improve contractile function only in patients having sufficient baseline biventricular asynchrony. However, biventricular resynchronization is only one of the improvement mechanisms. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00119.2003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,3]],"date-time":"2015-03-03T15:15:00Z","timestamp":1425395700000},"page":"H2788-H2796","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Biventricular mechanical asynchrony predicts hemodynamic effect of uni- and biventricular pacing"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"285","author":[{"given":"Yinghong","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Kramer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julio","family":"Spinelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiang","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Walter","family":"Hoersch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Angelo","family":"Auricchio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"24","reference":[{"key":"REF1","unstructured":"Abraham WT. 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