{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T12:58:13Z","timestamp":1778849893430,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"American Physiological Society","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Congestive heart failure (CHF) predisposes to ventricular fibrillation (VF) in association with electrical remodeling of the ventricle. However, much remains unknown about the rate-dependent electrophysiological properties in a failing heart. Action potential properties in the left ventricular subepicardial muscles during dynamic pacing were examined with optical mapping in pacing-induced CHF ( n = 18) and control ( n = 17) rabbit hearts perfused in vitro. Action potential durations (APDs) in CHF were significantly longer than those observed for controls at basic cycle lengths (BCLs) &gt;1,000 ms but significantly shorter at BCLs &lt;400 ms. Spatial APD dispersions were significantly increased in CHF versus control (by 17\u201381%), and conduction velocity was significantly decreased in CHF (by 6\u201320%). In both groups, high-frequency stimulation (BCLs &lt;150 ms) always caused spatial APD alternans; spatially concordant alternans and spatially discordant alternans (SDA) were induced at 60% and 40% in control, respectively, whereas 18% and 82% in CHF. SDA in CHF caused wavebreaks followed by reentrant excitations, giving rise to VF. Incidence of ventricular tachycardia\/VFs elicited by high-frequency dynamic pacing (BCLs &lt;150 ms) was significantly higher in CHF versus control (93% vs. 20%). In CHF, left ventricular subepicardial muscles show significant APD shortenings at short BCLs favoring reentry formations following wavebreaks in association with SDA. High-frequency excitation itself may increase the vulnerability to VF in CHF. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00209.2010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,10]],"date-time":"2010-12-10T23:15:47Z","timestamp":1292022947000},"page":"H565-H573","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Rate-dependent shortening of action potential duration increases ventricular vulnerability in failing rabbit heart"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"300","author":[{"given":"Masahide","family":"Harada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrophysiology, Research Center of Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yukiomi","family":"Tsuji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Research, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuko S.","family":"Ishiguro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Research, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroki","family":"Takanari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Research, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yusuke","family":"Okuno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Research, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yasuya","family":"Inden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya; 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