{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T17:15:08Z","timestamp":1777914908197,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"American Physiological Society","issue":"4","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"HHS | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHBLI)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HL 32469"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HL 32469"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"HHS | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHBLI)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PO1-HL070687"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PO1-HL070687"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000968","name":"American Heart Association (AHA)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["0815778G"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["0815778G"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000968","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Cremaster muscle arteriolar smooth muscle cells (SMCs) display inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor-dependent Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>waves that contribute to global myoplasmic Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>concentration and myogenic tone. However, the contribution made by voltage-gated Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>channels (VGCCs) to arteriolar SMC Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>waves is unknown. We tested the hypothesis that VGCC activity modulates SMC Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>waves in pressurized (80 cmH<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O\/59 mmHg, 34\u00b0C) hamster cremaster muscle arterioles loaded with Fluo-4 and imaged by confocal microscopy. Removal of extracellular Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>dilated arterioles (32\u2009\u00b1\u20093 to 45\u2009\u00b1\u20093 \u03bcm, n = 15, P &lt; 0.05) and inhibited the occurrence, amplitude, and frequency of Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>waves ( n = 15, P &lt; 0.05), indicating dependence of Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>waves on Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>influx. Blockade of VGCCs with nifedipine (1 \u03bcM) or diltiazem (10 \u03bcM) or deactivation of VGCCs by hyperpolarization of smooth muscle with the K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>channel agonist cromakalim (10 \u03bcM) produced similar inhibition of Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>waves ( P &lt; 0.05). Conversely, depolarization of SMCs with the K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>channel blocker tetraethylammonium (1 mM) constricted arterioles from 26\u2009\u00b1\u20093 to 14\u2009\u00b1\u20092 \u03bcm ( n = 11, P &lt; 0.05) and increased wave occurrence (9\u2009\u00b1\u20093 to 16\u2009\u00b1\u20093 waves\/SMC), amplitude (1.6\u2009\u00b1\u20090.07 to 1.9\u2009\u00b1\u20090.1), and frequency (0.5\u2009\u00b1\u20090.1 to 0.9\u2009\u00b1\u20090.2 Hz, n = 10, P &lt; 0.05), effects that were blocked by nifedipine (1 \u03bcM, P &lt; 0.05). Similarly, the VGCC agonist Bay K8644 (5 nM) constricted arterioles from 14\u2009\u00b1\u20091 to 8\u2009\u00b1\u20091 \u03bcm and increased wave occurrence (3\u2009\u00b1\u20091 to 10\u2009\u00b1\u20091 waves\/SMC) and frequency (0.2\u2009\u00b1\u20090.1 to 0.6\u2009\u00b1\u20090.1 Hz, n = 6, P &lt; 0.05), effects that were unaltered by ryanodine (50 \u03bcM, n = 6, P &gt; 0.05). These data support the hypothesis that Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>waves in arteriolar SMCs depend, in part, on the activity of VGCCs.<\/jats:p><jats:p>NEW &amp; NOTEWORTHY Arterioles that control blood flow to and within skeletal muscle depend on Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>influx through voltage-gated Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>channels and release of Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>from internal stores through inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors in the form of Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>waves to maintain pressure-induced smooth muscle tone.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00292.2018","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,29]],"date-time":"2018-06-29T14:17:20Z","timestamp":1530281840000},"page":"H871-H878","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Voltage-gated Ca<sup>2+<\/sup>channel activity modulates smooth muscle cell calcium waves in hamster cremaster arterioles"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"315","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9657-0141","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"William F.","family":"Jackson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erika M.","family":"Boerman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"24","reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-201X.1998.00464.x"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10739680490425985"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.17226\/25801","volume-title":"Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals","author":"Committee for the Update of the Guide for the Care and Use of 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