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In this study we tested the hypothesis that early upregulation of cardiomyocyte CXCR4 (CM-CXCR4) at a time of high myocardial SDF-1 expression could be a strategy to engage the SDF-1:CXCR4 axis and improve cardiac repair. The effects of the hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) hydroxylase inhibitor dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG) on CXCR4 expression was tested on H9c2 cells. In mice a myocardial infarction (MI) was produced in CM-CXCR4 null and wild-type controls. Mice were randomized to receive injection of DMOG (DMOG group) or saline (Saline group) into the border zone after MI. Protein and mRNA expression of CM-CXCR4 were quantified. Echocardiography was used to assess cardiac function. During hypoxia, DMOG treatment increased CXCR4 expression of H9c2 cells by 29 and 42% at 15 and 24 h, respectively. In vivo DMOG treatment increased CM-CXCR4 expression at 15 h post-MI in control mice but not in CM-CXCR4 null mice. DMOG resulted in increased ejection fraction in control mice but not in CM-CXCR4 null mice 21 days after MI. Consistent with greater cardiomyocyte survival with DMOG treatment, we observed a significant increase in cardiac myosin-positive area within the infarct zone after DMOG treatment in control mice, but no increase in CM-CXCR4 null mice. Inhibition of cardiomyocyte death in MI through the stabilization of HIF-1\u03b1 requires downstream CM-CXCR4 expression. These data suggest that engagement of the SDF-1:CXCR4 axis through the early upregulation of CM-CXCR4 is a strategy for improving cardiac repair after MI. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00449.2015","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,30]],"date-time":"2015-10-30T22:49:06Z","timestamp":1446245346000},"page":"H20-H28","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Early upregulation of myocardial CXCR4 expression is critical for dimethyloxalylglycine-induced cardiac improvement in acute myocardial infarction"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"310","author":[{"given":"Mari","family":"Mayorga","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Kiedrowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, 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