{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T13:50:11Z","timestamp":1773409811691,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"American Physiological Society","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The present work tested the hypothesis that a short-term dietary deficiency of magnesium (Mg) (21 days) in rats would result in the upregulation of the two major subunits of serine palmitoyl-CoA-transferase, serine palmitoyl transferase (SPT 1) and SPT 2 (the rate-limiting enzymes responsible for the de novo biosynthesis of ceramides) in left ventricular, right ventricular, and atrial heart muscle and abdominal aortic smooth muscle, as well as induce a reduction in serum sphingomyelin concomitant with the release of mitochondrial cytochrome c (Cyto c) in these tissues. Our data indicate that short-term Mg deficiency (MgD) resulted in an upregulation of SPT 1 and SPT 2, concomitant with a very significant release of Cyto c in left ventricular, right ventricular, atrial, and abdominal aortic smooth muscle. Short-term MgD also produced a lowering of serum sphingomyelin and ionized Mg. The greater the reduction in serum ionized Mg, the greater the upregulation of SPT 1 and 2 and the more the increase in free Cyto c. The data suggest that MgD, most likely, causes a biosynthesis of ceramides via two pathways in cardiovascular tissues, viz., via the activation of serine palmitoyl-CoA-transferase and sphingomyelinase, which lead to apoptotic events via intrinsic (present study) and extrinsic pathways (previous studies). Low levels of drinking water Mg were cardio- and vasculoprotective.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.01076.2009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,6,26]],"date-time":"2010-06-26T00:41:45Z","timestamp":1277512905000},"page":"H932-H938","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Magnesium deficiency upregulates serine palmitoyl transferase (SPT 1 and SPT 2) in cardiovascular tissues: relationship to serum ionized Mg and cytochrome<i>c<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"299","author":[{"given":"Burton M.","family":"Altura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of 1Physiology and Pharmacology,"},{"name":"Medicine, and"},{"name":"The Center for Cardiovascular and Muscle Research, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York;"},{"name":"Bio-Defense Systems, Incorporated, Rockville Centre, New York; and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nilank 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