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CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>cells were more abundant than CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>cells during the acute stage of IRD that coincided with impaired pulmonary physiology and organism clearance. Conversely, CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>cells were more abundant during the resolution phase following P. carinii clearance. Depletion of CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T cells protected mice from the acute pathophysiology of IRD. However, these mice could not clear the infection and developed severe PcP at later time points when a pathological CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T cell response was observed. In contrast, mice depleted of CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T cells efficiently cleared the infection but developed more severe disease, an increased frequency of IFN-\u03b3-producing CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>cells, and a prolonged CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T cell response than mice with both CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>and CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>cells. These data suggest that CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T cells mediate the acute respiratory disease associated with IRD. In contrast, CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T cells contributed to neither lung injury nor organism clearance when CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>cells were present, but instead served to modulate CD4 function. In the absence of CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>cells, CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T cells produced a nonprotective, pathological immune response. These data suggest that the interplay of CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>and CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T cells affects the ultimate outcome of PcP-related IRD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.00079.2006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,5]],"date-time":"2006-08-05T03:12:00Z","timestamp":1154747520000},"page":"L1256-L1266","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Contribution of T cell subsets to the pathophysiology of<i>Pneumocystis-<\/i>related immunorestitution disease"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"291","author":[{"given":"Samir P.","family":"Bhagwat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francis","family":"Gigliotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haodong","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Terry 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