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Mice were sensitized and challenged with the antigen ovalbumin (OVA) to generate airway inflammation and subsequently exposed to 5 or 25 ppm NO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> for 3 days or 5 days followed by a 20-day recovery period. Whereas 5 ppm NO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> elicited no pathological changes, inhalation of 25 ppm NO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> alone induced acute lung injury, which peaked after 3 days and was characterized by increases in protein, LDH, and neutrophils recovered by BAL, as well as lesions within terminal bronchioles. Importantly, 25 ppm NO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> was also sufficient to cause AHR in mice, a cardinal feature of asthma. The inflammatory changes were ameliorated after 5 days of inhalation and completely resolved after 20 days of recovery after the 5-day inhalation. In contrast, in mice immunized and challenged with OVA, inhalation of 25 ppm NO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> caused a marked augmentation of eosinophilic inflammation and terminal bronchiolar lesions, which extended significantly into the alveoli. Moreover, 20 days postcessation of the 5-day 25 ppm NO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> inhalation regimen, eosinophilic and neutrophilic inflammation, pulmonary lesions, and AHR were still present in mice immunized and challenged with OVA. Collectively, these observations suggest an important role for NO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> in airway pathologies associated with asthma, both in modulation of degree and duration of inflammatory response, as well as in induction of AHR. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.00131.2005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,5]],"date-time":"2005-08-05T20:31:12Z","timestamp":1123273872000},"page":"L144-L152","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":59,"title":["Nitrogen dioxide enhances allergic airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness in the mouse"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"290","author":[{"given":"Matthew E.","family":"Poynter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca L.","family":"Persinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles G.","family":"Irvin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kelly J.","family":"Butnor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans","family":"van Hirtum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wendy","family":"Blay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas H.","family":"Heintz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justin","family":"Robbins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Hemenway","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Douglas J.","family":"Taatjes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yvonne","family":"Janssen-Heininger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"24","reference":[{"key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5849(03)00278-8"},{"key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2004.02.009"},{"key":"R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.153.2.8564086"},{"key":"R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M112400200"},{"key":"R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-5793(99)00893-5"},{"key":"R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4800(77)90006-5"},{"key":"R7","unstructured":"Chauhan AJ, Krishna MT, Frew AJ, and Holgate ST. 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