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Previous studies indicate that TGF\u03b2 activation in the O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>-injured mouse pup lung increases lysyl oxidase (LOX) expression. But how TGF\u03b2 regulates this, and whether the LOXs generate excess pulmonary aldehydes are unknown. First, we determined that O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>-mediated lung injury increases LOX protein expression in TGF\u03b2-stimulated pup lung interstitial fibroblasts. This regulation appeared to be direct; this is because TGF\u03b2 treatment also increased LOX protein expression in isolated pup lung fibroblasts. Then using a fibroblast cell line, we determined that TGF\u03b2 stimulates LOX expression at a transcriptional level via Smad2\/3-dependent signaling. LOX is translated as a pro-protein that requires secretion and extracellular cleavage before assuming amine oxidase activity and, in some cells, reuptake with nuclear localization. We found that pro-LOX is processed in the newborn mouse pup lung. 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