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These factors may be especially relevant to asthma, a disease characterized by structural remodeling of the airway wall, and highlights a need for more physiologically relevant models of ASM function. We utilized a tissue engineering platform known as microfabricated tissue gauges to develop a 3D culture model of ASM featuring arrays of \u223c0.4 mm long, \u223c350 cell \u201cmicrotissues\u201d capable of simultaneous contractile force measurement and cell-level microscopy. ASM-only microtissues generated baseline tension, exhibited strong cellular organization, and developed actin stress fibers, but lost structural integrity and dissociated from the cantilevers within 3 days. Addition of 3T3-fibroblasts dramatically improved survival times without affecting tension development or morphology. ASM-3T3 microtissues contracted similarly to ex vivo ASM, exhibiting reproducible responses to a range of contractile and relaxant agents. Compared with 2D cultures, microtissues demonstrated identical responses to acetylcholine and KCl, but not histamine, forskolin, or cytochalasin D, suggesting that contractility is regulated by substrate geometry. Microtissues represent a novel model for studying ASM, incorporating a physiological 3D structure, realistic mechanical environment, coculture of multiple cells types, and comparable contractile properties to existing models. This new model allows for rapid screening of biochemical and mechanical factors to provide insight into ASM dysfunction in asthma. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.00168.2012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,2]],"date-time":"2012-11-02T23:10:31Z","timestamp":1351897831000},"page":"L4-L16","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Development and characterization of a 3D multicell microtissue culture model of airway smooth muscle"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"304","author":[{"given":"Adrian R.","family":"West","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Engineering, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nishat","family":"Zaman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Engineering, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Darren 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