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Moreover, these cells are frequently obtained from patients with end-stage disease exposed to multiple drug therapies, leaving researchers with questions about whether their findings recapitulate disease-initiating processes or are simply the result of pharmacological intervention or subsequent host responses. The goal of studying early disease in multiple cell and tissue types has driven interest in the use of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to model lung disease. These cells provide an alternative model for relevant lung research and hold promise in particular for studying the initiation of disease processes in genetic conditions such as heritable pulmonary arterial hypertension as well as other lung diseases. In this Perspective, we focus on potential iPSC use in pulmonary vascular disease research as a model for iPSC use in many types of advanced lung disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.00255.2011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,8]],"date-time":"2011-10-08T01:57:17Z","timestamp":1318039037000},"page":"L830-L835","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Programmatic change: lung disease research in the era of induced pluripotency"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"301","author":[{"given":"Laertis","family":"Ikonomou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston University Pulmonary Center and"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna R.","family":"Hemnes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 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