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Myeloperoxidase activity was reduced in isolated bronchoalveolar lavage neutrophils from SP-A(\u2212\/\u2212) mice. B lymphocytes and activated T lymphocytes were increased in the lung and spleen, whereas T helper (Th) 1 responses were increased [interferon-\u03b3, interleukin (IL)-2, and IgG<jats:sub>2a<\/jats:sub>] and Th2 responses were decreased (IL-4, and IL-10, and IgG<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>) in the lungs of SP-A(\u2212\/\u2212) mice 7 days after IAV infection. In the absence of SP-A, impaired viral clearance was associated with increased lung inflammation, decreased neutrophil myeloperoxidase activity, and increased Th1 responses. 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