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However, nothing is known about the role of PC in airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) in the context of airway remodeling. We hypothesized that PC on ASMCs mediate cell contraction and are thus integral in the remodeling process. We found that PC are expressed on ASMCs in asthmatic lungs. Using pharmacological and genetic methods, we demonstrated that PC are necessary for ASMC contraction in a collagen gel three-dimensional model both in the absence of external stimulus and in response to the extracellular component hyaluronan. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that the effect of PC on ASMC contraction is, to a small extent, due to their effect on Sonic Hedgehog signaling and, to a larger extent, due to their effect on calcium influx and membrane depolarization. In conclusion, PC are necessary for the development of airway remodeling by mediating calcium flux and Sonic Hedgehog signaling. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.00284.2016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,4]],"date-time":"2017-05-04T20:10:33Z","timestamp":1493928633000},"page":"L328-L338","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["A novel role for primary cilia in airway remodeling"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"313","author":[{"given":"Carol S.","family":"Trempus","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Matrix Biology Group, Immunity, Inflammation, and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Weifeng","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Molecular and Translational Biomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, 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