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Alveolar type II cells cultured on floating collagen gels reduced the expression of type 1 collagen (COL1A1) and \u03b1-smooth muscle actin (ACTA2) in fibroblasts. They also reduced fibroblast expression of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), fibroblast growth factor 7 (FGF7, KGF), and FGF10. When type II cells were cultured at an air-liquid interface to maintain high levels of surfactant protein expression, this inhibitory activity was lost. When type II cells were cultured on collagen-coated tissue culture wells to reduce surfactant protein expression further and increase the expression of some type I cell markers, the epithelial cells suppressed transforming growth factor-\u03b2 (TGF-\u03b2)-stimulated ACTA2 and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) expression in lung fibroblasts. Our results suggest that transitional alveolar type II cells and likely type I cells but not fully differentiated type II cells inhibit matrix and growth factor expression in fibroblasts. These cells express markers of both type II cells and type I cells. This is probably a normal homeostatic mechanism to inhibit the fibrotic response in the resolution phase of wound healing. Defining how transitional type II cells convert activated fibroblasts into a quiescent state and inhibit the effects of TGF-\u03b2 may provide another approach to limiting the development of fibrosis after alveolar injury.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.00337.2018","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,5]],"date-time":"2019-06-05T13:31:31Z","timestamp":1559741491000},"page":"L283-L294","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Transitional human alveolar type II epithelial cells suppress extracellular matrix and growth factor gene expression in lung fibroblasts"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"317","author":[{"given":"Kelly A.","family":"Correll","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen E.","family":"Edeen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Jewish Health, Denver, 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