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Exposure to MCS (600 mg\/m<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>total suspended particulates, TSP) for 1 h\/day suppresses the allergic airway response, with reductions in eosinophilia, tissue inflammation, goblet cell metaplasia, IL-4 and IL-5 in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid, and OVA-specific antibodies. Suppression is associated with a loss of antigen-specific proliferation and cytokine production by T cells. However, exposure to a lower dose of MCS (77 mg\/m<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>TSP) had no effect on the number of BAL eosinophils or OVA-specific antibodies. This is the first report to demonstrate, using identical smoking methodologies, that MCS inhibits immune responses in a dose-dependent manner and may explain the observation that, although smoking provokes a systemic inflammatory response, it also inhibits T cell-mediated responses involved in a number of diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.00392.2007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,6,21]],"date-time":"2008-06-21T01:35:55Z","timestamp":1214012155000},"page":"L412-L421","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["High-dose but not low-dose mainstream cigarette smoke suppresses allergic airway inflammation by inhibiting T cell function"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"295","author":[{"given":"Thomas H.","family":"Thatcher","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Randi P.","family":"Benson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard P.","family":"Phipps","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patricia J.","family":"Sime","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"24","reference":[{"key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4652(199602)166:2<274::AID-JCP4>3.0.CO;2-M"},{"key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.164.20.2206"},{"key":"R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2249.1998.00653.x"},{"key":"R4","unstructured":"Bartal M.Health effects of tobacco use and exposure.Monaldi Arch Chest Dis56: 545\u2013554, 2001."},{"key":"R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.2001.281.1.L209"},{"key":"R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cohn L, Homer RJ, MacLeod H, Mohrs M, Brombacher F, Bottomly K.Th2-induced airway mucus production is dependent on IL-4Ralpha, but not on eosinophils.J Immunol162: 6178\u20136183, 1999.","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.162.10.6178"},{"key":"R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2222.2004.02030.x"},{"key":"R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-5231(02)00033-3"},{"key":"R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14622200601078293"},{"key":"R10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2004.037283"},{"key":"R11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0033-0620(03)80004-X"},{"key":"R12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1615\/CritRevImmunol.v25.i5.50"},{"key":"R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.101.4.e8"},{"key":"R14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1081-1206(10)60759-4"},{"key":"R15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.21.120601.141103"},{"key":"R16","unstructured":"Harkema JR, Mariassy AT, St. George J, Hyde DM, Plopper CG.Epithelial cells of the conducting airways: a species comparison. 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