{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T18:13:50Z","timestamp":1780337630202,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"American Physiological Society","issue":"2","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Gouvernement du Canada | Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["217532"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["217532"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Gouvernement du Canada | Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000038","name":"Gouvernement du Canada | Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.physiology.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> The current study evaluated the hypothesis that 6 mo of exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) would improve sympathetic neural recruitment in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD). Microneurography was used to evaluate action potential (AP) discharge patterns within bursts of muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA), in 11 patients with IHD (1 female; 61 \u00b1\u20099 yr) pre (pre-CR) and post (post-CR) 6 mo of aerobic and resistance training-based CR. Measures were made at baseline and during maximal voluntary end-inspiratory (EI-APN) and end-expiratory apneas (EE-APN). Data were analyzed during 1 min of baseline and the second half of apneas. At baseline, overall sympathetic activity was less post-CR (all P &lt; 0.01). During EI-APN, AP recruitment was not observed pre-CR (all P &gt; 0.05), but increases in both within-burst AP firing frequency (\u0394pre-CR: 2 \u00b1 3 AP spikes\/burst vs. \u0394post-CR: 4 \u00b1 3 AP spikes\/burst; P = 0.02) and AP cluster recruitment (\u0394pre-CR: \u22121 \u00b1 2 vs. \u0394post-CR: 2 \u00b1 2; P &lt; 0.01) were observed in post-CR tests. In contrast, during EE-APN, AP firing frequency was not different post-CR compared with pre-CR tests (\u0394pre-CR: 269 \u00b1 202 spikes\/min vs. \u0394post-CR: 232 \u00b1 225 spikes\/min; P = 0.54), and CR did not modify the recruitment of new AP clusters (\u0394pre-CR: \u22121 \u00b1 3 vs. \u0394post-CR: 0 \u00b1 1; P = 0.39), or within-burst firing frequency (\u0394pre-CR: 3 \u00b1 3 AP spikes\/burst vs. \u0394post-CR: 2 \u00b1 2 AP spikes\/burst; P = 0.21). These data indicate that CR improves some of the sympathetic nervous system dysregulation associated with cardiovascular disease, primarily via a reduction in resting sympathetic activation. However, the benefits of CR on sympathetic neural recruitment may depend upon the magnitude of initial impairment. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00080.2021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,16]],"date-time":"2021-06-16T19:57:55Z","timestamp":1623873475000},"page":"R174-R185","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/aps-crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The impact of 6 months of exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation on sympathetic neural recruitment during apneic stress"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"321","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7024-0446","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Andrew W.","family":"D\u2019Souza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurovascular Research Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark B.","family":"Badrov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurovascular Research Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University Health Network and Sinai Health System, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katelyn N.","family":"Wood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurovascular Research Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"Schlegel-University of Waterloo Research Institute for Aging, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9452-7206","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sophie","family":"Lalande","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurovascular Research Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5456-1351","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Neville","family":"Suskin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiac Rehabilitation and Secondary Prevention Program of St. Joseph\u2019s Health Care London, London, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Medicine (Cardiology) and Program of Experimental Medicine, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6794-5979","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"J. 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