{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T03:58:08Z","timestamp":1784865488011,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"American Physiological Society","issue":"5","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["18H03146"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18H03146"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> We evaluated the hypothesis that the activation of L-type voltage-gated Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> channels contributes to exercise training-induced augmentation in cholinergic sweating. On separate days, 10 habitually trained and 10 untrained men participated in two experimental protocols. Prior to each protocol, we administered 1% verapamil (Verapamil, L-type voltage-gated Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> channel blocker) and saline (Control) at forearm skin sites on both arms via transdermal iontophoresis. In protocol 1, we administered low (0.001%) and high (1%) doses of pilocarpine at both the verapamil-treated and verapamil-untreated forearm sites. In protocol 2, participants were passively heated by immersing their limbs in hot water (43\u00b0C) until rectal temperature increased by 1.0\u00b0C above baseline resting levels. Sweat rate at all forearm sites was continuously measured throughout both protocols. Pilocarpine-induced sweating in Control was higher in trained than in untrained men for both the concentrations of pilocarpine (both P \u2264 0.001). Pilocarpine-induced sweating at the low-dose site was attenuated at the Verapamil versus the Control site in both the groups (both P \u2264 0.004), albeit the reduction was greater in trained as compared with in untrained men ( P = 0.005). The verapamil-mediated reduction in sweating remained intact at the high-dose pilocarpine site in the untrained men ( P = 0.004) but not the trained men ( P = 0.180). Sweating did not differ between Control and Verapamil sites with increases in rectal temperature in both groups (interaction, P = 0.571). We show that activation of L-type voltage-gated Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> channels modulates sweat production in habitually trained men induced by a low dose of pilocarpine. However, no effect on sweating was observed during passive heating in either group. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00167.2020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,23]],"date-time":"2020-09-23T19:19:18Z","timestamp":1600888758000},"page":"R584-R591","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Effects of L-type voltage-gated Ca<sup>2+<\/sup> channel blockade on cholinergic and thermal sweating in habitually trained and untrained men"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"319","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9451-6937","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tatsuro","family":"Amano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Exercise and Environmental Physiology, Faculty of Education, Niigata University, Niigata, 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