{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T12:41:57Z","timestamp":1791549717360,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"American Physiological Society","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> The aim of this study was to evaluate whether recombinant human insulin-like growth factor I (rhIGF-I) could attenuate or prevent diaphragm (DIA) fiber atrophy with corticosteroid (CS) administration to emphysematous (EMP) hamsters. DIA muscle IGF-I responses to CS administration with and without exogenous rhIGF-I administration were evaluated. Three groups were studied: 1) EMP; 2) EMP + triamcinolone (T; 0.4 mg\u00b7kg<jats:sup>-1<\/jats:sup>\u00b7day<jats:sup>-1<\/jats:sup> im); and 3) EMP + T + IGF-I (600 \u03bcg\/day by constant infusion). After 4 wk, the DIA was analyzed histochemically and biochemically (IGF-I mRNA levels by RT-PCR and endogenous and exogenous IGF-I peptide levels immunochemically). Body weights of EMP-T progressively decreased, while those of EMP and EMP-T-IGF-I remained stable despite similarly reduced food intake in both T groups. DIA weight was reduced with T but preserved with rhIGF-I infusion. DIA fiber proportions were similar among the groups. The cross-sectional areas of types I, IIa, and IIx fibers were reduced (17 to 31%) with T administration but unchanged with rhIGF-I infusion. DIA IGF-I mRNA levels were similar across all groups. By contrast, the endogenous DIA IGF-I levels were reduced (41%) in the EMP-T-IGF-I animals. Total DIA IGF-I levels (endogenous + exogenous) were still significantly reduced. IGF-I immunoreactivity confirmed this reduction in all DIA fibers. We conclude that DIA fiber atrophy with T was completely prevented by exogenous rhIGF-I administration. This effect was likely mediated by the pharmacological influences of exogenously administered rhIGF-I. We speculate that this results from increased bioavailability of free IGF-I to react with muscle receptors. Reduced endogenous IGF-I levels in the DIA likely reflect a negative-feedback influence. These results may have important clinical implications for treatment options to offset the adverse effects of CS on the respiratory muscles in patients with chronic lung disorders. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00177.2002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,3]],"date-time":"2015-03-03T15:29:44Z","timestamp":1425396584000},"page":"R34-R43","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Insulin-like growth factor I prevents corticosteroid-induced diaphragm muscle atrophy in emphysematous hamsters"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"285","author":[{"given":"Mario","family":"Fournier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhi-Shen","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongyan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyu","family":"Da","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bojan","family":"Cercek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael I.","family":"Lewis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"24","reference":[{"key":"REF1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1996.81.6.2509"},{"key":"REF2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1999.87.5.1705"},{"key":"REF3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1998.84.5.1716"},{"key":"REF4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.1997.272.3.C1007"},{"key":"REF5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-134-7-200104030-00016"},{"key":"REF6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(05)80085-6"},{"key":"REF7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(76)90527-3"},{"key":"REF8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.142.5.8148"},{"key":"REF9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-114-3-216"},{"key":"REF10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.159.1.9803109"},{"key":"REF11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.140.12.7217"},{"key":"REF12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.1340169"},{"key":"REF13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.1998.275.3.E373"},{"key":"REF14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-51-4-781"},{"key":"REF15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.153.6.8665061"},{"key":"REF16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.150.1.8025735"},{"key":"REF17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/146.3.800"},{"key":"REF18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1995.78.2.629"},{"key":"REF19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.153.2.8564131"},{"key":"REF20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI116732"},{"key":"REF21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.81.3.935"},{"key":"REF22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.1997.273.4.R1557"},{"key":"REF23","unstructured":"Fournier M, Huang Z-S, and Lewis MI. 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