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We hypothesized that hypoxia and body positions that promote right atrial filling would independently recruit the PFO. Subjects with a PFO ( n = 11) performed 11 trials, combining four different fractions of inhaled oxygen (FiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) (1.0, 0.21, 0.15, and 0.10) and three positions (upright, supine, and 45\u00b0 head down), with the exception of FiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>= 0.10, while 45\u00b0 head down. After 5 min in each position, breathing the prescribed oxygen tension, saline bubbles were injected into an antecubital vein and a four-chamber echocardiogram was obtained to evaluate PFO recruitment. We observed a high incidence of PFO recruitment in all conditions, with increased recruitment in response to severe hypoxia and some contribution of body position at moderate levels of hypoxia. We suspect that increased pulmonary vascular pressure, secondary to hypoxia-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction, increased right atrial pressure enough to recruit the PFO. Additionally, we hypothesize that the minor increase in breathing resistance that was added by the mouthpiece, used during experimental trials, affected intrathoracic pressure and venous return sufficiently to recruit the PFO.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00263.2014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,14]],"date-time":"2014-11-14T05:02:27Z","timestamp":1415941347000},"page":"R28-R33","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Effect of body position and oxygen tension on foramen ovale recruitment"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"308","author":[{"given":"Kayla L.","family":"Moses","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Critical Care Division, and the John Rankin Laboratory of Pulmonary Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin;"},{"name":"Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, 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