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We also used primary cultures of human urothelial cells to investigate cellular mechanisms underlying activation of PAR-2 resulting in increased COX-2 expression. We found that treatment of mice with CYP (150 mg\/kg ip) increased COX-2 protein abundance in bladder urothelium\/suburothelium 3, 6, and 24 h after CYP ( P &lt; 0.01), and increased COX-2 protein abundance was prevented by treatment of mice with the mast cell stabilizer sodium cromolyn (10 mg\/kg ip) for 4 consecutive days before CYP treatment. Incubation of freshly isolated mouse urothelium\/suburothelium with a selective PAR-2 agonist, 2-furoyl-LIGRLO-amide (3 \u03bcM), also increased COX-2 protein abundance ( P &lt; 0.05). We further demonstrated that 2-furoyl-LIGRLO-amide (3 \u03bcM) increased COX-2 mRNA expression and protein abundance in primary cultures of human urothelial cells ( P &lt; 0.01), and the effects of PAR-2 activation were mediated primarily by the ERK1\/2 MAP kinase pathway. These data indicate that there are functional interactions among mast cells, PAR-2 activation, and increased expression of COX-2 in bladder inflammation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00310.2009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,13]],"date-time":"2009-08-13T02:06:08Z","timestamp":1250129168000},"page":"R1127-R1135","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Role of mast cells and protease-activated receptor-2 in cyclooxygenase-2 expression in urothelial cells"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"297","author":[{"given":"Zun-Yi","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peiqing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, 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