{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:31:43Z","timestamp":1792787503249,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"American Physiological Society","issue":"5","funder":[{"name":"Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research of Japan","award":["16J01194"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["16J01194"]}]},{"name":"Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research of Japan","award":["15K01619"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["15K01619"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Skeletal muscles undergoing vigorous activity can enter a state of prolonged low-frequency force depression (PLFFD). This study was conducted to examine whether antioxidant treatment is capable of accelerating the recovery from PLFFD, with a focus on the function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) and myofibril. One hour before fatiguing stimulation (FS) was administered, rats received an intraperitoneal injection of Eukarion (EUK-134), which mimics the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase. Intact muscles of the hindlimbs were electrically stimulated via the sciatic nerve until the force was reduced to ~50% of the initial force (FS). Thirty minutes after cessation of FS, the superficial regions of gastrocnemius muscles were dissected and used for biochemical and skinned-fiber analyses. Whole muscle analyses revealed that antioxidant alleviated the FS-induced decrease in the reduced glutathione content. Skinned-fiber analyses showed that the antioxidant did not affect the FS-induced decrease in the ratio of force at 1 Hz to that at 50 Hz. However, the antioxidant partially inhibited the FS-mediated decrease in the ratio of depolarization-induced force to the maximum Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    -activated force. Furthermore, the antioxidant completely suppressed the FS-induced increase in myofibrillar Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    sensitivity. These results suggest that antioxidant treatment is ineffective in facilitating the restoration of PLFFD, probably due to its negative effect on myofibrillar Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    sensitivity, which supersedes its positive effect on SR Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    release.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00387.2018","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,22]],"date-time":"2019-02-22T15:03:39Z","timestamp":1550847819000},"page":"R543-R551","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Treatment with EUK-134 improves sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca\n                    <sup>2+<\/sup>\n                    release but not myofibrillar Ca\n                    <sup>2+<\/sup>\n                    sensitivity after fatiguing contraction of rat fast-twitch 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