{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T05:13:57Z","timestamp":1792300437534,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"American Physiological Society","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Hydrogen sulfide (H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S) is an endogenous vasodilator in mammals, but its presence and function in other vertebrates is unknown. We generated H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S from NaHS and examined the effects on isolated efferent branchial arteries from steelhead (stEBA) or rainbow (rtEBA) trout. H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S concentration was measured colorimetrically (CM) and with ion-selective electrodes (ISE) in rainbow trout plasma. NaHS produced a triphasic response consisting of a relaxation (phase 1), constriction (phase 2), and relaxation (phase 3) in both unstimulated vessels and in stEBA precontracted with carbachol (Carb). Phase 1 and phase 3 in stEBA were decreased and phase 2 increased in unstimulated vessels by K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup><jats:sub>ATP<\/jats:sub> channel inhibition (glibenclamide), or a cocktail of inhibitors of cyclooxygenase, lipoxygenase, and cytochrome P-450 (indomethacin, esculetin, and clotrimazole). Inhibition of soluble guanylate cyclase with ODQ or NS-2028 inhibited phase 3 in stEBA, although NaHS decreased cGMP production by rtEBA. stEBA phase 2 contractions were partially inhibited by the myosin light chain kinase inhibitor, ML-9, but unaffected by L-type calcium channel inhibition (methoxyverapamil), whereas contraction in rtEBA was partially inhibited by nifedipine or removal of extracellular calcium. Phase 3 relaxations were more pronounced in stEBA precontracted with Carb and norepinephrine (NE) than those contracted by KCl or K<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>SO<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>. stEBA phase 2 and phase 3 responses were dose dependent (EC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub> = 1.1 \u00b1 1.2 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>-3<\/jats:sup> M and 6.7 \u00b1 0.9 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>-5<\/jats:sup> M, respectively; n = 7). NaHS was also vasoactive in steelhead bulbus arteriosus, celiacomesenteric arteries, and anterior cardinal veins. Rainbow trout plasma sulfide concentration was 4.0 \u00b1 0.3 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>-5<\/jats:sup> M, n = 4 (CM) and 3.8 \u00b1 0.4 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>-5<\/jats:sup> M, n = 9 (ISE); similar to phase 3 EC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>. Because NaHS has substantial vasoactive effects at physiological plasma concentrations, we propose that its soluble derivative, H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S, is a tonically active endogenous vasoregulator in trout. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00419.2003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,3,5]],"date-time":"2004-03-05T16:03:06Z","timestamp":1078502586000},"page":"R678-R685","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":161,"title":["Hydrogen sulfide as an endogenous regulator of vascular smooth muscle tone in trout"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"286","author":[{"given":"Ryan A.","family":"Dombkowski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael J.","family":"Russell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenneth R.","family":"Olson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"24","reference":[{"key":"REF1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.16-03-01066.1996"},{"key":"atypb1","unstructured":"Broderius SJ and Smith LL Jr. Effect of Hydrogen Sulfide on Fish and Invertebrates: Part II. Hydrogen Sulfide Determination and Relationship Between pH and Sulfide Toxicity. Duluth, MN: US Environmental Protection Agency, 1976."},{"key":"REF3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/65.1.18"},{"key":"atypb2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/288373a0"},{"key":"REF5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(89)90239-7"},{"key":"REF6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1997.6878"},{"key":"REF7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-1838(96)00138-5"},{"key":"REF8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-9781(97)00456-7"},{"key":"atypb3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/01480548809018109"},{"key":"REF10","unstructured":"Miller VM and Vanhoutte PM. Prostaglandins but not nitric oxide are endothelium-derived relaxing factors in the trout aorta. Acta Pharmacol Sin 21: 871-876, 1986."},{"key":"REF11","unstructured":"Mustafa T and Agnisola C. Vasoactivity of adenosine in the trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) coronary system: involvement of nitric oxide and interaction with noradrenaline. J Exp Biol 201: 3075-3083, 1998."},{"key":"REF12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.1989.256.1.R10"},{"key":"REF13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.1991.260.5.R925"},{"key":"atypb4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0773.2001.d01-104.x"},{"key":"REF15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(65)90051-5"},{"key":"REF16","unstructured":"Smith LL Jr, Oseid DM, Adelman IR, and Broderius SJ. Effect of Hydrogen Sulfide on Fish and Invertebrates: Part I. Acute and Chronic Toxicity Studies. Duluth, MN: US Environmental Protection Agency, 1976."},{"key":"atypb5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/317732"},{"key":"REF18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(99)02428-2"},{"key":"REF19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj2060267"},{"key":"REF20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0704858"},{"key":"REF21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.02-0211hyp"},{"key":"REF22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-291X(03)00256-0"},{"key":"REF23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00013.2002"},{"key":"REF24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/20.21.6008"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.physiology.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1152\/ajpregu.00419.2003","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,8]],"date-time":"2019-09-08T10:54:57Z","timestamp":1567940097000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.physiology.org\/doi\/10.1152\/ajpregu.00419.2003"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,4]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1152\/ajpregu.00419.2003"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/ajpregu.00419.2003","relation":{},"ISSN":["0363-6119","1522-1490"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0363-6119","type":"print"},{"value":"1522-1490","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,4]]}}}