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Here we report that the seasonal variation in melatonin synthesis is mainly driven by arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase gene transcription and enzyme activation. This, however, does not exclude participation of hydroxyindole- O-methyltransferase, which may relay environmental temperature information. The in vivo experiments show that norepinephrine stimulates melatonin synthesis, this effect being gated at night. The possibility that the variation in pineal metabolism depends on a seasonal change in the suprachiasmatic nuclei clock circadian activity that is transmitted by norepinephrine is discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00457.2002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,3]],"date-time":"2015-03-03T15:27:46Z","timestamp":1425396466000},"page":"R1043-R1052","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Mechanisms regulating the marked seasonal variation in melatonin synthesis in the European hamster pineal gland"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"284","author":[{"given":"Marie-Laure","family":"Garidou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurobiologie des Rythmes, Unit\u00e9Mixte de Recherche-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 7518, Universit\u00e9 Louis Pasteur, 67000 Strasbourg, France; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Berthe","family":"Vivien-Roels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurobiologie des Rythmes, Unit\u00e9Mixte de Recherche-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 7518, Universit\u00e9 Louis Pasteur, 67000 Strasbourg, France; 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