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After 8 wk of daily treadmill training, speed and endurance were unaltered in skmVEGF\u2212\/\u2212 mice, but increased by 18% and 99% ( P &lt; 0.01), respectively, in controls trained at identical absolute speed, incline, and duration. In vitro, isolated soleus and extensor digitorum longus contractile function was not impaired in skmVEGF\u2212\/\u2212 mice. However, training-induced angiogenesis was inhibited in plantaris (wild type, 38%, skmVEGF\u2212\/\u2212 18%, P &lt; 0.01), and gastrocnemius (wild type, 43%, P &lt; 0.01; skmVEGF\u2212\/\u2212, 7%, not significant). Capillarity was maintained (different from VEGF gene deletion targeted to multiple cell types) in untrained skmVEGF\u2212\/\u2212 mice. Arteriogenesis (smooth muscle actin+, artery number, and diameter) and remodeling [vimentin+, 5\u2032-bromodeoxycytidine (BrdU)+, and F4\/80+ cells] occurred in skmVEGF\u2212\/\u2212 mice, even in the absence of training. skmVEGF\u2212\/\u2212 mice also displayed a limited oxidative enzyme [citrate synthase and \u03b2-hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase (\u03b2-HAD)] training response; \u03b2-HAD activity levels were elevated in the untrained state. These data suggest that myofiber expressed VEGF is necessary for training responses in capillarity and oxidative capacity and for improved running speed and endurance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00522.2013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,12]],"date-time":"2014-02-12T21:36:23Z","timestamp":1392240983000},"page":"R586-R595","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":89,"title":["Skeletal myofiber VEGF is essential for the exercise training response in adult mice"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"306","author":[{"given":"Hamid","family":"Delavar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leonardo","family":"Nogueira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, 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