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Administration of isoproterenol, a \u03b2<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\/\u03b2<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>-AR agonist, to neonatal rats on postnatal days (PN) 2\u2013 5 caused downregulation of cardiac m<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>AChRs and a corresponding decrement in their control of adenylyl cyclase activity. Terbutaline, a \u03b2<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>-selective agonist that crosses the placenta and the blood-brain barrier, was also effective when given either on PN 2\u2013 5 or during gestational days 17\u2013 20. Terbutaline failed to downregulate brain m<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>AChRs, even though it downregulated \u03b2-ARs; \u03b2-ARs and m<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>AChRs are located on different cell populations in the brain, but they are on the same cells in the heart. Destruction of catecholaminergic neurons with neonatal 6-hydroxydopamine upregulated cardiac but not brain m<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>AChRs. These results suggest that perinatal \u03b2-AR stimulation shifts cardiac receptor production away from the generation of m<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>AChRs so that the development of sympathetic innervation acts as a negative modulator of cholinergic function. Accordingly, tocolytic therapy with \u03b2-AR agonists may compromise the perinatal balance of adrenergic and cholinergic inputs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00598.2001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,3]],"date-time":"2015-03-03T20:24:05Z","timestamp":1425414245000},"page":"R1356-R1363","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["\u03b2-Adrenergic modulation of muscarinic cholinergic receptor expression and function in developing heart"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"282","author":[{"given":"M. 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