{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T11:41:33Z","timestamp":1782819693681,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"American Physiological Society","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Studies examining the effects of transection and regeneration of the glossopharyngeal (GL) and chorda tympani (CT) nerves on various taste-elicited behaviors in rats have demonstrated that the GL (but not the CT) nerve is essential for the maintenance of both an unconditioned protective reflex (gaping) and the neural activity observed in central gustatory structures in response to lingual application of a bitter substance. An unresolved issue, however, is whether recovery depends more on the taste nerve and the central circuits that it supplies and\/or on the tongue receptor cell field being innervated. To address this question, we experimentally cross-wired these taste nerves, which, remarkably, can regenerate into parts of the tongue they normally do not innervate. We report that quinine-stimulated gaping behavior was fully restored, and neuronal activity, as assessed by Fos immunohistochemistry in the nucleus of the solitary tract and the parabrachial nucleus, was partially restored only if the posterior tongue (PT) taste receptor cell field was reinnervated; the particular taste nerve supplying the input was inconsequential to the recovery of function. Thus, PT taste receptor cells appear to play a privileged role in triggering unconditioned gaping to bitter tasting stimuli, regardless of which lingual gustatory nerve innervates them. Our findings demonstrate that even when a lingual gustatory nerve (the CT) forms connections with taste cells in a non-native receptor field (the PT), unconditioned taste rejection reflexes to quinine can be maintained. These findings underscore the extraordinary ability of the gustatory system to adapt to peripherally reorganized input for particular behaviors. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00668.2007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,10]],"date-time":"2008-01-10T02:05:16Z","timestamp":1199930716000},"page":"R738-R747","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Experimentally cross-wired lingual taste nerves can restore normal unconditioned gaping behavior in response to quinine stimulation"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"294","author":[{"given":"Camille T.","family":"King","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mircea","family":"Garcea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danielle S.","family":"Stolzenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alan C.","family":"Spector","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"24","reference":[{"key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)80705-9"},{"key":"R2","unstructured":"Akaike N, Hiji Y, Yamada K. Taste preference and aversion in rats following denervation of the chorda tympani and the IX nerve. Kumamoto Med J 18: 108\u2013109, 1965."},{"key":"R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4886(92)90222-C"},{"key":"R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-9384(93)90013-6"},{"key":"R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.27.2.263"},{"key":"R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/exnr.1996.0169"},{"key":"R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/chemse\/bjh062"},{"key":"R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.901720405"},{"key":"R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000144318"},{"key":"R10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/chemse\/25.4.423"},{"key":"R11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Farbman AI. Renewal of taste bud cells in rat circumvallate papillae. Cell Tissue Kinet 13: 349\u2013357, 1980.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2184.1980.tb00474.x"},{"key":"R12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fujimoto S, Murray RG. Fine structure of degeneration and regeneration in denervated rabbit vallate taste buds. Anat Rec 168: 383\u2013413, 1970.","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.1091680306"},{"key":"R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.1092250308"},{"key":"R14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00137.2004"},{"key":"R15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1996.76.5.2919"},{"key":"R16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(78)90568-1"},{"key":"R17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(92)90118-S"},{"key":"R18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(92)90117-R"},{"key":"R19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.1091280406"},{"key":"R20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1997.78.2.920"},{"key":"R21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(95)00528-5"},{"key":"R22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902220408"},{"key":"R23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/chemse\/14.3.335"},{"key":"R24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(95)01410-1"},{"key":"R25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.22-19-08607.2002"},{"key":"R26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.10851"},{"key":"R27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.20-22-08426.2000"},{"key":"R28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.19-08-03107.1999"},{"key":"R29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.2000.278.3.R720"},{"key":"R30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0735-7044.115.5.1073"},{"key":"R31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4518-06.2007"},{"key":"R32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9384(98)00219-4"},{"key":"R33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.21023"},{"key":"R34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nejad MS, Beidler LM. Taste responses of the cross-regenenerated greater superficial petrosal and chorda tympani nerves of the rat. Ann NY Acad Sci 510: 523\u2013526, 1994.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1987.tb43612.x"},{"key":"R35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.9.5347"},{"key":"R36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1967.sp008143"},{"key":"R37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-9384(69)90043-2"},{"key":"R38","unstructured":"Oakley B. Denervation and reinnervation of the tongue. In: Experimental Cell Biology of Taste and Olfaction: Current Techniques and Protocols, edited by Spielman AI and Brand JG. Boca Raton, FL: CRC, 1995."},{"key":"R39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0185(199806)251:2<230::AID-AR12>3.0.CO;2-P"},{"key":"R40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0057377"},{"key":"R41","unstructured":"Spector AC. Psychophysical evaluation of taste function in non-human mammals. In: Handbook of Olfaction and Gustation, edited by Doty RL. New York, NY: Marcel Dekker, 2003."},{"key":"R42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0735-7044.102.6.942"},{"key":"R43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1534582305280031"},{"key":"R44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0735-7044.108.1.131"},{"key":"R45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.1995.269.1.R141"},{"key":"R46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0735-7044.110.6.1456"},{"key":"R47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.18-11-04353.1998"},{"key":"R48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2462279"},{"key":"R49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-4328(87)90071-4"},{"key":"R50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.1999.277.2.R384"},{"key":"R51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00590.2001"},{"key":"R52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1995.73.6.2144"},{"key":"R53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Travers SP, Travers JB. Reflex topography in the nucleus of the solitary tract. Chem Senses Suppl 1: i180\u2013i181, 2005.","DOI":"10.1093\/chemse\/bjh173"},{"key":"R54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(67)90130-0"},{"key":"R55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vintschgau MV, Honingschmid J. Nervus glossopharyngeus und schmeckbecker. Arch ges Physiol 14: 443\u2013448, 1876.","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01635485"},{"key":"R56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35009102"},{"key":"R57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902760409"},{"key":"R58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(87)91008-0"},{"key":"R59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4886(95)90029-2"},{"key":"R60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.900440204"},{"key":"R61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(00)02242-3"},{"key":"R62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-9384(94)90366-2"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.physiology.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1152\/ajpregu.00668.2007","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,8]],"date-time":"2019-09-08T15:50:26Z","timestamp":1567957826000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.physiology.org\/doi\/10.1152\/ajpregu.00668.2007"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,3]]},"references-count":62,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1152\/ajpregu.00668.2007"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/ajpregu.00668.2007","relation":{},"ISSN":["0363-6119","1522-1490"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0363-6119","type":"print"},{"value":"1522-1490","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,3]]}}}