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In vitro whole bladder preparations from Sprague-Dawley rats were used to study the modulation of SBCs by calcium-activated potassium channels (K<jats:sub>Ca<\/jats:sub>) and electrical field stimulation from 3 days to 6 wk of life. SBCs in 3-day-old bladders were unmasked by treatment with iberiotoxin (100 nM), an inhibitor of large conductance K<jats:sub>Ca<\/jats:sub>(BK) channels, or apamin (100 nM), an inhibitor of small conductance K<jats:sub>Ca<\/jats:sub>(SK) channels. Iberiotoxin significantly increased the magnitude of SBCs at 2\u20133 wk, whereas apamin was only effective at 6 wk. In 1\u20132 wk bladders, exposure to room temperature Krebs solution decreased SBCs. This decrease was reversed by activating intramural nerves with electrical field stimulation. The effect of electrical field stimulation was inhibited by atropine (1 \u03bcM), suramin (10 \u03bcM), or pretreatment with tetrodotoxin (1 \u03bcM) but was not reversed by tetrodotoxin applied after electrical field stimulation. BK-\u03b1 mRNA increased threefold, and BK-\u03b1 protein increased fivefold from 3 days to 6 wk. These data suggest that BK channels play an important role in the regulation of SBCs in the neonatal bladder and that both increased BK channel activity, as well as changes in smooth muscle sensitivity to locally released neurotransmitters contribute to the downregulation of SBCs during early postnatal development.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00779.2006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,19]],"date-time":"2007-01-19T02:05:09Z","timestamp":1169172309000},"page":"R2100-R2112","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Smooth muscle and neural mechanisms contributing to the downregulation of neonatal rat spontaneous bladder contractions during postnatal development"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"292","author":[{"given":"Yuen-Keng","family":"Ng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William C.","family":"de Groat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hsi-Yang","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"24","reference":[{"key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.17-21-08402.1997"},{"key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Baskin LS, Sutherland RS, Thomson AA, Hayward SW, Cunha GR.Growth factors and receptors in bladder development and obstruction.Lab Invest75: 157\u2013166, 1996.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(01)64786-4"},{"key":"R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brading AF.Ion channels and control of contractile activity in urinary bladder smooth muscle.Jpn J Pharmacol58,Suppl2: 120P\u2013127P, 1992.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-5198(19)59903-6"},{"key":"R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(97)00591-8"},{"key":"R5","unstructured":"Brading AF.Spontaneous activity of lower urinary tract smooth muscles: correlation between ion channels and tissue function.J Physiol570: 12\u201322, 2006."},{"key":"R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1990.tb12956.x"},{"key":"R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0704499"},{"key":"R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1983.sp014666"},{"key":"R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9384(02)00919-8"},{"key":"R10","unstructured":"de Groat WC, Araki I.Maturation of bladder reflex pathways during postnatal development. 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