{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T14:12:30Z","timestamp":1790172750408,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"American Physiological Society","issue":"1","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NSFC 81670687"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSFC 81670687"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Key research grants of Shandong Province, China","award":["2016GSF201011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016GSF201011"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The etiology of chronic prostatitis\/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP\/CPPS) is still unknown. Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) has been shown to play an important role in the development of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Here, we investigated the expression and function of GM-CSF in patients with CP\/CPPS and in a mouse model of experimental autoimmune prostatitis (EAP). GM-CSF mRNA levels were detected in expressed prostatic secretions samples from patients with CP\/CPPS and in prostate tissue from a mouse model of EAP. The expression of GM-CSF receptor in mouse prostate and dorsal root ganglia were determined using PCR and immunohistochemistry. Behavioral testing and inflammation scoring were performed to evaluate the role of GM-CSF in disease development and symptom severity of EAP using GM-CSF knockout mice. mRNA levels of putative nociceptive and inflammatory markers were measured in the prostate after the induction of EAP. Elevated GM-CSF mRNA levels were observed in expressed prostatic secretions samples from patients with CP\/CPPS compared with healthy volunteers. GM-CSF mRNA was also significantly increased in prostate tissue of the EAP mice model. The expression of GM-CSF receptors was confirmed in mouse prostate and dorsal root ganglia. GM-CSF knockout mice showed fewer Infiltrating leukocytes and pain symptoms after the induction of EAP. Deletion of GM-CSF significantly diminished EAP-induced increases of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 3, and nerve growth factor mRNA expression. The results indicated that GM-CSF plays a functional role in the pathogenesis of EAP. GM-CSF may function as a signaling mediator for both inflammation and pain transduction in CP\/CPPS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00013.2018","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,3]],"date-time":"2019-04-03T15:09:09Z","timestamp":1554304149000},"page":"F23-F29","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Role of GM-CSF in a mouse model of experimental autoimmune prostatitis"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"317","author":[{"given":"Yaxiao","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qinggang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zonglong","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianfeng","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kejia","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongda","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changkuo","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benkang","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"24","reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(98)00390-2"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V88.3.761.bloodjournal883761","volume":"88","author":"Avalos BR","year":"1996","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2016.10.026"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.23252"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.2012.01164.x"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)65301-3"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2012-201703"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/ar4037"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2011.11.116"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2356"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.23057"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2006.10.059"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.177.2.957"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2009.11.008"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrurol.2014.63"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)67497-6"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1464-410x.2001.02193.x"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00240.2012"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000000201"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.1976"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/568543"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2010.09716.x"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2015.161"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.physiology.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1152\/ajprenal.00013.2018","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,22]],"date-time":"2019-11-22T20:37:54Z","timestamp":1574455074000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.physiology.org\/doi\/10.1152\/ajprenal.00013.2018"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,1]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1152\/ajprenal.00013.2018"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/ajprenal.00013.2018","relation":{},"ISSN":["1931-857X","1522-1466"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1931-857X","type":"print"},{"value":"1522-1466","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,1]]}}}