{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T13:37:26Z","timestamp":1790861846256,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"American Physiological Society","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> The objective of the present study was to investigate the diagnostic values of urine cytokines in patients with interstitial cystitis\/bladder pain syndrome (IC\/BPS) and to identify their correlations with clinical characteristics. Urine samples were collected from 127 patients with IC\/BPS [European Society for the Study of Interstitial Cystitis (ESSIC) types 1 and 2] and 28 controls. Commercially available multiplex immunoassays (MILLIPLEX map kits) were used to analyze 31 targeted cytokines. Cytokine levels between patients with IC\/BPS and controls were analyzed using ANOVA. Receiver-operating characteristic curves of each cytokine to distinguish IC\/BPS from controls were generated for calculation of the area under the curve. Patients with IC\/BPS had urine cytokine profiles that differed from those of controls. Between patients with ESSIC type 1 and 2 IC\/BPS, urine cytokine profiles were also different. Among cytokines with high diagnostic values (i.e., area under the curve &gt; 0.7) with respect to distinguish patients with ESSIC type 2 IC\/BPS from controls, regulated upon activation, normal T cell expressed and presumably secreted (RANTES), macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1\u03b2, and IL-8 were of higher sensitivity, whereas macrophage chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 10 (CXCL10), and eotaxin-1 were of higher specificity. In multivariate logistic regression models controlling for age, sex, body mass index, and diabetes mellitus, the urine cytokines with high diagnostic values (MCP-1, RANTES, CXCL10, IL-7, and eotaxin-1) remained statistically significant in differentiating IC\/BPS and controls. MCP-1, CXCL10, eotaxin-1, and RANTES were positively correlated with glomerulation grade and negatively correlated with maximal bladder capacity. In conclusion, patients with IC\/BPS had urine cytokine profiles that clearly differed from those of controls. Urine cytokines might be useful as biomarkers for diagnosing IC\/BPS and mapping its clinical characteristics. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00051.2020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,13]],"date-time":"2020-04-13T09:31:48Z","timestamp":1586770308000},"page":"F1391-F1399","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":66,"title":["Urine cytokines as biomarkers for diagnosing interstitial cystitis\/bladder pain syndrome and mapping its clinical characteristics"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"318","author":[{"given":"Yuan-Hong","family":"Jiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation and Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia-Fong","family":"Jhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation and Tzu Chi University, 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