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Kidney oxygenation was assessed by 1) blood oximetry and Clark electrode in thiobutabarbital-anesthetized rats, 2) radiotelemetry in unanesthetized rats, and 3) expression of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1\u03b1 and HIF-2\u03b1 protein. After 7 days of treatment, under anesthesia, renal O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>delivery was 51% less, whereas renal O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>consumption was 65% less, in adenine-treated rats than in vehicle-treated rats. Tissue Po<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>measured by Clark electrode was similar in the renal cortex but 44% less in the medulla of adenine-treated rats than in that of vehicle-treated rats. In contrast, in unanesthetized rats, both cortical and medullary tissue Po<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>measured by radiotelemetry remained stable across 7 days of adenine treatment. Notably, anesthesia and laparotomy led to greater reductions in medullary tissue Po<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>measured by radiotelemetry in rats treated with adenine (37%) than in vehicle-treated rats (16%), possibly explaining differences between our observations with Clark electrodes and radiotelemetry. Renal expression of HIF-1\u03b1 was less after 7 days of adenine treatment than after vehicle treatment, whereas expression of HIF-2\u03b1 did not differ significantly between the two groups. Renal dysfunction was evident after 7 days of adenine treatment, with glomerular filtration rate 65% less and serum creatinine concentration 183% greater in adenine-treated rats than in vehicle-treated rats. Renal cortical tissue hypoxia may not precede renal dysfunction in adenine-induced chronic kidney disease and so may not be an early pathological feature in this model.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00253.2019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,28]],"date-time":"2019-08-28T16:50:59Z","timestamp":1567011059000},"page":"F1189-F1200","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Renal oxygenation during the early stages of adenine-induced chronic kidney disease"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"317","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5712-6750","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Md Mahbub","family":"Ullah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Disease Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Physiology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5402-1809","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Connie P. 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