{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]],"date-time":"2026-01-22T20:21:32Z","timestamp":1769113292709,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"American Physiological Society","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Increasing evidence indicates that vitamin D deficiency exacerbates chronic kidney injury, but its effects on renal enlargement in polycystic kidney disease (PKD) are not known. In this study, male Lewis polycystic kidney disease (LPK) rats received a normal diet (ND; AIN-93G) supplemented with or without cholecalciferol (vitamin D-deficient diet, VDD; both 0.5% calcium), commenced at either postnatal week 3 (until weeks 10\u201320; study 1) or from week 10 (until week 20; study 2). Levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D were reduced in groups receiving the VDD (12 \u00b1 1 nmol\/l vs. 116 \u00b1 5 in ND; P &lt; 0.001). In study 1, food intake and weight gain increased by \u223c25% in LPK rats receiving the VDD ad libitum, and at week 20 this was associated with a mild reduction in the corrected serum calcium (SCa<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>, 7.4%) and TKW:BW ratio (8.8%), and exacerbation of proteinuria (87%) and hypertension (19%; all P &lt; 0.05 vs. ND). When LPK rats were pair-fed for weeks 3\u201310, there was a further reduction in the SCa<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> (25%) and TKW:BW ratio (22%) in the VDD group ( P &lt; 0.05 vs. ND). In study 2, the VDD did not alter food intake and body weight, reduced SCa<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> (7.7%), worsened proteinuria (41.9%), interstitial monocyte accumulation (26.4%), renal dysfunction (21.4%), and cardiac enlargement (13.2%, all P &lt; 0.05), but there was a trend for a reduction in the TKW:BW ratio (13%, P = 0.09). These data suggest that chronic vitamin D deficiency has adverse long-term actions on proteinuria, interstitial inflammation, renal function, and cardiovascular disease in PKD, and these negate its mild inhibitory effect on kidney enlargement. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00411.2012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,23]],"date-time":"2013-05-23T02:06:57Z","timestamp":1369274817000},"page":"F574-F582","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Chronic effects of dietary vitamin D deficiency without increased calcium supplementation on the progression of experimental polycystic kidney disease"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"305","author":[{"given":"Gopala K.","family":"Rangan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Michael Stern Translational Laboratory for Polycystic Kidney Disease, Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Millennium Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia;"},{"name":"Department of Renal 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