{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T00:09:21Z","timestamp":1790035761110,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"American Physiological Society","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Picrotoxin, an antagonist for \u03b3-aminobutyric acid receptor subtype A (GABA<jats:sub>A<\/jats:sub>), was used to investigate the role of GABA<jats:sub>A<\/jats:sub>receptors in nociceptive and nonnociceptive reflex bladder activities and pudendal inhibition of these activities in cats under \u03b1-chloralose anesthesia. Acetic acid (AA; 0.25%) was used to irritate the bladder and induce nociceptive bladder overactivity, while saline was used to distend the bladder and induce nonnociceptive bladder activity. To modulate the bladder reflex, pudendal nerve stimulation (PNS) was applied at multiple threshold (T) intensities for inducing anal sphincter twitching. AA irritation significantly ( P &lt; 0.01) reduced bladder capacity to 34.3 \u00b1 7.1% of the saline control capacity, while PNS at 2T and 4T significantly ( P &lt; 0.01) increased AA bladder capacity to 84.0 \u00b1 7.8 and 93.2 \u00b1 15.0%, respectively, of the saline control. Picrotoxin (0.4 mg it) did not change AA bladder capacity but completely removed PNS inhibition of AA-induced bladder overactivity. Picrotoxin (iv) only increased AA bladder capacity at a high dose (0.3 mg\/kg) but significantly ( P &lt; 0.05) reduced 2T PNS inhibition at low doses (0.01\u20130.1 mg\/kg). During saline cystometry, PNS significantly ( P &lt; 0.01) increased bladder capacity to 147.0 \u00b1 7.6% at 2T and 172.7 \u00b1 8.9% at 4T of control capacity, and picrotoxin (0.4 mg it or 0.03\u20130.3 mg\/kg iv) also significantly ( P &lt; 0.05) increased bladder capacity. However, picrotoxin treatment did not alter PNS inhibition during saline infusion. These results indicate that spinal GABA<jats:sub>A<\/jats:sub>receptors have different roles in controlling nociceptive and nonnociceptive reflex bladder activities and in PNS inhibition of these activities.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00679.2013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,13]],"date-time":"2014-02-13T02:30:01Z","timestamp":1392258601000},"page":"F781-F789","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Role of spinal GABA<sub>A<\/sub>receptors in pudendal inhibition of nociceptive and nonnociceptive bladder reflexes in cats"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"306","author":[{"given":"Zhiying","family":"Xiao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Second Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China;"},{"name":"Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeremy","family":"Reese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 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