{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T23:16:30Z","timestamp":1793142990213,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"American Physiological Society","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Lithium (Li) treatment is often associated with nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI). The changes in whole kidney expression of aquaporin-1 (AQP1), -2, and -3 as well as Na-K-ATPase, type 3 Na\/H exchanger (NHE3), type 2 Na-Pi cotransporter (NaPi-2), type 1 bumetanide-sensitive Na-K-2Cl cotransporter (BSC-1), and thiazide-sensitive Na-Cl cotransporter (TSC) were examined in rats treated with Li orally for 4 wk: protocol 1, high doses of Li (high Na<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>intake), and protocol 2, low doses of Li (identical food and normal Na<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>intake in Li-treated and control rats). Both protocols resulted in severe polyuria. Semiquantitative immunoblotting revealed that whole kidney abundance of AQP2 was dramatically reduced to 6% ( protocol 1) and 27% ( protocol 2) of control levels. In contrast, the abundance of AQP1 was not decreased. Immunoelectron microscopy confirmed the dramatic downregulation of AQP2 and AQP3, whereas AQP4 labeling was not reduced. Li-treated rats had a marked increase in urinary Na<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>excretion in both protocols. However, the expression of several major Na<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>transporters in the proximal tubule, loop of Henle, and distal convoluted tubule was unchanged in protocol 2, whereas in protocol 1significantly increased NHE3 and BSC-1 expression or reduced NaPi-2 expression was associated with chronic Li treatment. In conclusion, severe downregulation of AQP2 and AQP3 appears to be important for the development of Li-induced polyuria. In contrast, the increased or unchanged expression of NHE3, BSC-1, Na-K-ATPase, and TSC indicates that these Na<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>transporters do not participate in the development of Li-induced polyuria.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.2000.279.3.f552","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,23]],"date-time":"2017-12-23T12:20:10Z","timestamp":1514031610000},"page":"F552-F564","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":144,"title":["Altered expression of renal AQPs and Na<sup>+<\/sup>transporters in rats with Lithium-induced NDI"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"279","author":[{"given":"Tae-Hwan","family":"Kwon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Anatomy, University of Aarhus, DK-8000 Aarhus C;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ulla H.","family":"Laursen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Anatomy, University of Aarhus, DK-8000 Aarhus C;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Marples","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9NQ, United Kingdom;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arvid B.","family":"Maunsbach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Anatomy, University of Aarhus, DK-8000 Aarhus C;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark A.","family":"Knepper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Kidney and Electrolyte Metabolism, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00f8rgen","family":"Fr\u00f8ki\u00e6r","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Physiology, Aarhus University Hospital and Institute of Experimental Clinical Research, DK-8200 Aarhus N, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S\u00f8ren","family":"Nielsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Anatomy, University of Aarhus, DK-8000 Aarhus C;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"24","reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.1996.271.4.F917"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(97)00887-1"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1982.49"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2796.1996.28864000.x"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1996.139"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.2000.278.1.F29"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI111901"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.138.4.489"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.91.19.8984"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2181","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V9122181","volume":"9","author":"Earm JH","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.1995.269.5.F663"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.1996.271.3.F619"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.1998.00984.x"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1658","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V1081658","volume":"10","author":"Fernandez-Llama P","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.272.23.14800"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17713","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)32499-7","volume":"269","author":"Gamba G","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-56-2-295"},{"key":"B18","first-page":"S26","volume":"28","author":"Greger R.","year":"1990","journal-title":"Kidney Int Suppl"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00584376"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.271.16.9666"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.91.14.6269"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9710","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)44555-8","volume":"258","author":"Ives HE","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"B23","first-page":"298","volume":"46","author":"Jacobsen NO","year":"1982","journal-title":"Lab Invest"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1985.216"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.1996.270.3.F548"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V105935","volume":"10","author":"Kim GH","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.1999.276.1.F96"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.24.14552"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V103628","volume":"10","author":"Knepper MA","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"B30","first-page":"302","volume":"14","author":"Knepper MA","year":"1994","journal-title":"Semin Nephrol"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.1999.277.2.F257"},{"key":"B32","first-page":"37","volume":"58","author":"Lenox RH","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.080499597"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21845","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)31880-X","volume":"269","author":"Ma T","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI231"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.273.8.4296"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12586","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)38911-1","volume":"260","author":"Mahnensmith RL","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00427958"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.1998.275.3.F400"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI117863"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI118628"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.1999.277.5.F676"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21A","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V10121","volume":"10","author":"Nejsum LN","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.92.4.1013"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V103647","volume":"10","author":"Nielsen S","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.1998.275.6.F885"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.1995.268.6.F1023"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.1992.262.1.F47"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(25)04314-9","volume":"100","author":"Radomski JL","year":"1950","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1976.40"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.1998.274.5.F978"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.1998.274.3.F445"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.1988.254.6.R863"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.1995.269.6.F775"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.1996.271.2.F414"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0773.1973.tb01512.x"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(24)38155-8","volume":"289","author":"Thomsen K","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0773.1974.tb00754.x"},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V103666","volume":"10","author":"Timmer RT","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.271.51.32749"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.91.6.2201"},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1993.150"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.physiology.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1152\/ajprenal.2000.279.3.F552","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,29]],"date-time":"2025-06-29T04:36:28Z","timestamp":1751171788000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.physiology.org\/doi\/10.1152\/ajprenal.2000.279.3.F552"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2000,9,1]]},"references-count":62,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,9,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1152\/ajprenal.2000.279.3.F552"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/ajprenal.2000.279.3.f552","relation":{},"ISSN":["1931-857X","1522-1466"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1931-857X","type":"print"},{"value":"1522-1466","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2000,9,1]]}}}