{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T05:53:32Z","timestamp":1790920412884,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"American Physiological Society","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Applied Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1976,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> The energy expenditure during speed ice skating (PB=650 mmHg; T=-5 degrees C) was measured on 13 athletes (speed range: 4\u201312 m\/s) from VO2 and (for speeds greater than 10 m\/s) from blood lactic acid concentration. The energy spent (O2 equivalents) per unit body wt and unit distance (Etot\/V, ml\/kg-min) increases with the speed (v, m\/s): Etot\/v=0.049 + 0.44 X 10(-3) V2. At 10 m\/s, Vtot\/v amounts then to 0.093 ml\/kg-m: about half the value of running. The constant 0.049 ml\/kg-m is interpreted as the energy spent against gravitational and inertial forces. The term 0.44 X 10(-3) v2 indicates the energy spent against the wind, the constant 0.44 X 10(-3) ml-s2-kg-1-m-3 being a measure of k\/e, where k is the coefficient relating drag to v2, and e the efficiency of work against the wind. From a direct estimate of k in a wind tunnel, e was calculated as 0.11. In running, skating, and cycling k\/e is similar (approximately 0.020 ml-s2-m-3 per m2 body area), hence at a given speed the energy spent against the wind is equal. On the contrary, the energy spent against other forces decreases in the above order: 0.19, 0.05, 0.018 ml-m-1 per kg body wt. This explains the different speeds attained in these exercises with the same power output. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1976.40.4.584","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,24]],"date-time":"2017-12-24T22:18:33Z","timestamp":1514153913000},"page":"584-591","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Energy cost of speec skating and efficiency of work against air resistance"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"P. E.","family":"Di Prampero","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Cortili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Mognoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Saibene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"24","container-title":["Journal of Applied Physiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.physiology.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1152\/jappl.1976.40.4.584","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,9]],"date-time":"2019-09-09T00:01:57Z","timestamp":1567987317000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.physiology.org\/doi\/10.1152\/jappl.1976.40.4.584"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1976,4,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1976,4,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1152\/jappl.1976.40.4.584"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/jappl.1976.40.4.584","relation":{},"ISSN":["8750-7587","1522-1601"],"issn-type":[{"value":"8750-7587","type":"print"},{"value":"1522-1601","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1976,4,1]]}}}