{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T13:41:34Z","timestamp":1770298894158,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"American Physiological Society","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Applied Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Cardenas, Victor, Jr., Thomas A. Heming, and Akhil Bidani.Kinetics of CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>excretion and intravascular pH disequilibria during carbonic anhydrase inhibition. J. Appl. Physiol. 84(2): 683\u2013694, 1998.\u2014Inhibition of carbonic anhydrase (CA) activity (activity in red blood cells and activity available on capillary endothelium) results in decrements in CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>excretion (V\u02d9co<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) and plasma-erythrocyte CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>-[Formula: see text]-H<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>disequilibrium as blood travels around the circulation. To investigate the kinetics of changes in blood [Formula: see text]and pH during progressive CA inhibition, we used our previously detailed mathematical model of capillary gas exchange to analyze experimental data of V\u02d9co<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>and blood-gas\/pH parameters obtained from anesthetized, paralyzed, and mechanically ventilated dogs after treatment with acetazolamide (Actz, 0\u2013100 mg\/kg iv). Arterial and mixed venous blood samples were collected via indwelling femoral and pulmonary arterial catheters, respectively. Cardiac output was measured by thermodilution. End-tidal[Formula: see text], as a measure of alveolar[Formula: see text], was obtained from continuous records of airway [Formula: see text] above the carina. Experimental results were analyzed with the aid of a mathematical model of lung and tissue-gas exchange. Progressive CA inhibition was associated with stepwise increments in the equilibrated mixed venous-alveolar [Formula: see text] gradient (9, 19, and 26 Torr at 5, 20, and 100 mg\/kg Actz, respectively). The maximum decrements in V\u02d9co<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>were 10, 24, and 26% with 5, 20, and 100 mg\/kg Actz, respectively, without full recovery ofV\u02d9co<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>at 1 h postinfusion. Equilibrated arterial [Formula: see text]overestimated alveolar [Formula: see text], and tissue [Formula: see text] was underestimated by the measured equilibrated mixed venous blood[Formula: see text]. Mathematical model computations predicted hysteresis loops of the instantaneous CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>-[Formula: see text]-H<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>relationship and in vivo blood[Formula: see text]-pH relationship due to the finite reaction times for CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>-[Formula: see text]-H<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>reactions. The shape of the hysteresis loops was affected by the extent of Actz inhibition of CA in red blood cells and plasma.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1998.84.2.683","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,22]],"date-time":"2017-12-22T19:04:27Z","timestamp":1513969467000},"page":"683-694","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Kinetics of CO<sub>2<\/sub>excretion and intravascular pH disequilibria during carbonic anhydrase inhibition"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"84","author":[{"suffix":"Jr.","given":"Victor","family":"Cardenas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77550"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas A.","family":"Heming","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77550"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Akhil","family":"Bidani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77550"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"24","reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00255787"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1991.70.4.1686"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1978.45.4.565"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1982.53.2.413"},{"key":"B5","first-page":"251","volume":"2","author":"Bidani A.","year":"1987","journal-title":"Appl. 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