{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T20:28:29Z","timestamp":1792268909855,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"American Physiological Society","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Applied Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The strong ion approach provides a quantitative physicochemical method for describing the mechanism for an acid-base disturbance. The approach requires species-specific values for the total concentration of plasma nonvolatile buffers (A<jats:sub>tot<\/jats:sub>) and the effective dissociation constant for plasma nonvolatile buffers ( K<jats:sub>a<\/jats:sub>), but these values have not been determined for human plasma. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to calculate accurate A<jats:sub>tot<\/jats:sub>and K<jats:sub>a<\/jats:sub>values using data obtained from in vitro strong ion titration and CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>tonometry. The calculated values for A<jats:sub>tot<\/jats:sub>(24.1 mmol\/l) and K<jats:sub>a<\/jats:sub>(1.05 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>\u22127<\/jats:sup>) were significantly ( P &lt; 0.05) different from the experimentally determined values for horse plasma and differed from the empirically assumed values for human plasma (A<jats:sub>tot<\/jats:sub>= 19.0 meq\/l and K<jats:sub>a<\/jats:sub>= 3.0 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>\u22127<\/jats:sup>). The derivatives of pH with respect to the three independent variables [strong ion difference (SID), Pco<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, and A<jats:sub>tot<\/jats:sub>] of the strong ion approach were calculated as follows: [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]where S is solubility of CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>in plasma. The derivatives provide a useful method for calculating the effect of independent changes in SID<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>, Pco<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, and A<jats:sub>tot<\/jats:sub>on plasma pH. The calculated values for A<jats:sub>tot<\/jats:sub>and K<jats:sub>a<\/jats:sub>should facilitate application of the strong ion approach to acid-base disturbances in humans.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.2001.91.3.1364","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,22]],"date-time":"2017-12-22T22:11:39Z","timestamp":1513980699000},"page":"1364-1371","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Total weak acid concentration and effective dissociation constant of nonvolatile buffers in human plasma"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"91","author":[{"given":"Peter D.","family":"Constable","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 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