{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T10:56:32Z","timestamp":1792493792632,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"American Physiological Society","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Applied Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> This study examined the effectiveness of a short-duration but high-intensity exercise countermeasure in combination with a novel oral volume load in preventing bed rest deconditioning and orthostatic intolerance. Bed rest reduces work capacity and orthostatic tolerance due in part to cardiac atrophy and decreased stroke volume. Twenty seven healthy subjects completed 5 wk of \u22126 degree head down bed rest. Eighteen were randomized to daily rowing ergometry and biweekly strength training while nine remained sedentary. Measurements included cardiac mass, invasive pressure-volume relations, maximal upright exercise capacity, and orthostatic tolerance. Before post-bed rest orthostatic tolerance and exercise testing, nine exercise subjects were given 2 days of fludrocortisone and increased salt. Sedentary bed rest led to cardiac atrophy (125 \u00b1 23 vs. 115 \u00b1 20 g; P &lt; 0.001); however, exercise preserved cardiac mass (128 \u00b1 38 vs. 137 \u00b1 34 g; P = 0.002). Exercise training preserved left ventricular chamber compliance, whereas sedentary bed rest increased stiffness (180 \u00b1 170%, P = 0.032). Orthostatic tolerance was preserved only when exercise was combined with volume loading (\u221210 \u00b1 22%, P = 0.169) but not with exercise (\u221214 \u00b1 43%, P = 0.047) or sedentary bed rest (\u221224 \u00b1 26%, P = 0.035) alone. Rowing and supplemental strength training prevent cardiovascular deconditioning during prolonged bed rest. When combined with an oral volume load, orthostatic tolerance is also preserved. This combined countermeasure may be an ideal strategy for prolonged spaceflight, or patients with orthostatic intolerance. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00019.2012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,17]],"date-time":"2012-02-17T00:27:24Z","timestamp":1329438444000},"page":"1735-1743","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":77,"title":["Effect of rowing ergometry and oral volume loading on cardiovascular structure and function during bed rest"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"112","author":[{"given":"Jeffrey L.","family":"Hastings","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital Dallas and"},{"name":"University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Felix","family":"Krainski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital Dallas and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter G.","family":"Snell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric L.","family":"Pacini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital Dallas and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manish","family":"Jain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital Dallas and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul S.","family":"Bhella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital Dallas and"},{"name":"University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shigeki","family":"Shibata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital Dallas and"},{"name":"University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qi","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital Dallas and"},{"name":"University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. Dean","family":"Palmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital Dallas and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin D.","family":"Levine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital Dallas and"},{"name":"University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"24","reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000142863.71285.74"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005768-199608000-00008"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2114\/ahs1983.11.345"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.2001.281.1.R310"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1996.81.1.7"},{"key":"B6","first-page":"985","volume":"56","author":"Bungo MW","year":"1985","journal-title":"Aviat Space Environ Med"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/00005768-199406000-00010"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-2828(89)90768-2"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-122-10-199505150-00001"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.01162.2006"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00858.2006"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2006-955897"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005768-199901000-00008"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2010.02.043"},{"key":"B15","first-page":"121","volume":"604","author":"Gaffney FA","year":"1992","journal-title":"Scandinavica"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/01.mss.0000222848.35004.41"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/00005768-198810000-00009"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.119.1.150"},{"key":"B19","first-page":"13","volume":"144","author":"Heer M","year":"1992","journal-title":"Acta Physiol Scand Suppl"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra072139"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2007.01.010"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00482.2003"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.01106.2006"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.169.2.2971985"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1998.84.6.1858"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1996.81.1.105"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1991.70.1.112"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.84.3.1016"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1996.81.2.686"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2001.012575"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1997.83.1.102"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.96.2.517"},{"key":"B33","first-page":"404","volume":"65","author":"Ludwig DA","year":"1994","journal-title":"Aviat Space Environ Med"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3357\/ASEM.BR01.2009"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.69.4.836"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(94)90841-9"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.62.6.1210"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-007-0474-z"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.2001.91.2.645"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.103.14.1851"},{"key":"B42","first-page":"235","volume":"75","author":"Shi SJ","year":"2004","journal-title":"Aviat Space Environ Med"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.01408.2009"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(94)90439-1"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005768-199807000-00022"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.73.3.428"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.70.1.131"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0094-5765(94)90133-3"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00220.2004"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1974.54.3.566"}],"container-title":["Journal of Applied Physiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.physiology.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1152\/japplphysiol.00019.2012","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,8]],"date-time":"2019-09-08T19:28:25Z","timestamp":1567970905000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.physiology.org\/doi\/10.1152\/japplphysiol.00019.2012"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,15]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,15]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1152\/japplphysiol.00019.2012"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/japplphysiol.00019.2012","relation":{},"ISSN":["8750-7587","1522-1601"],"issn-type":[{"value":"8750-7587","type":"print"},{"value":"1522-1601","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,15]]}}}