{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]],"date-time":"2026-01-05T22:26:48Z","timestamp":1767652008014},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"American Physiological Society","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Applied Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The pathophysiology of orthostatic hypotension in Parkinson's disease (PD) is incompletely understood. The primary focus has thus far been on failure of the baroreflex, a central mediated vasoconstrictor mechanism. Here, we test the role of two other possible factors: 1) a reduced peripheral vasoconstriction (which may contribute because PD includes a generalized sympathetic denervation); and 2) an inadequate plasma volume (which may explain why plasma volume expansion can manage orthostatic hypotension in PD). We included 11 PD patients with orthostatic hypotension (PD + OH), 14 PD patients without orthostatic hypotension (PD \u2212 OH), and 15 age-matched healthy controls. Leg blood flow was examined using duplex ultrasound during 60\u00b0 head-up tilt. Leg vascular resistance was calculated as the arterial-venous pressure gradient divided by blood flow. In a subset of 9 PD + OH, 9 PD \u2212 OH, and 8 controls, plasma volume was determined by indicator dilution method with radiolabeled albumin (<jats:sup>125<\/jats:sup>I-HSA). The basal leg vascular resistance was significantly lower in PD + OH (0.7 \u00b1 0.3 mmHg\u00b7ml<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\u00b7min) compared with PD \u2212 OH (1.3 \u00b1 0.6 mmHg\u00b7ml<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\u00b7min, P &lt; 0.01) and controls (1.3 \u00b1 0.5 mmHg\u00b7ml<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\u00b7min, P &lt; 0.01). Leg vascular resistance increased significantly during 60\u00b0 head-up tilt with no significant difference between the groups. Plasma volume was significantly larger in PD + OH (3,869 \u00b1 265 ml) compared with PD \u2212 OH (3,123 \u00b1 377 ml, P &lt; 0.01) and controls (3,204 \u00b1 537 ml, P &lt; 0.01). These results indicate that PD + OH have a lower basal leg vascular resistance in combination with a larger plasma volume compared with PD \u2212 OH and controls. Despite the increase in leg vascular resistance during 60\u00b0 head-up tilt, PD + OH are unable to maintain their blood pressure.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00069.2011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,4]],"date-time":"2011-06-04T00:18:54Z","timestamp":1307146734000},"page":"443-448","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Lower vascular tone and larger plasma volume in Parkinson's disease with orthostatic hypotension"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"111","author":[{"given":"J. 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