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This study provides first evidence that short periods of severe energy deficit and arduous exercise\u2014in the form of a 36-h military field exercise\u2014can suppress bone formation for at least 96 h, and the suppression in bone formation was not different between men and women. Protein feeding does not offset decreases in bone formation during severe energy deficits. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00106.2023","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,4]],"date-time":"2023-05-04T18:46:11Z","timestamp":1683225971000},"page":"1481-1495","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/aps-crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["The effect of sex and protein supplementation on bone metabolism during a 36-h military field exercise in energy deficit"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"134","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1120-8777","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas J.","family":"O\u2019Leary","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Army Health and Performance Research, Army Headquarters, Andover, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charlotte V.","family":"Coombs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Army Health and Performance Research, Army Headquarters, Andover, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victoria C.","family":"Edwards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Occupational Performance Research Group, University of Chichester, Chichester, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sam D.","family":"Blacker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Occupational Performance Research Group, University of Chichester, Chichester, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca L.","family":"Knight","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Army Health and Performance Research, Army Headquarters, Andover, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fiona N.","family":"Koivula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Army Health and Performance Research, Army Headquarters, Andover, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6305-6333","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan C. 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