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Within each condition, participants completed a flat running (temperate flat or hot flat) and a downhill running (temperate downhill or hot downhill) experimental trial in a randomized counterbalanced order separated by at least 7 days. Venous blood samples were taken immediately before (basal), immediately after exercise, and 3 and 24 h postexercise. RNA was extracted from leukocytes and RT-quantitative PCR conducted to determine Hsp72 and Hsp90\u03b1 mRNA relative expression. Leukocyte Hsp72 mRNA was increased immediately after exercise following downhill running (1.9 \u00b1 0.9-fold) compared with flat running (1.3 \u00b1 0.4-fold; P = 0.001) and in hot (1.9 \u00b1 0.6-fold) compared with temperate conditions (1.1 \u00b1 0.5-fold; P = 0.003). Leukocyte Hsp90\u03b1 mRNA increased immediately after exercise following downhill running (1.4 \u00b1 0.8-fold) compared with flat running (0.9 \u00b1 0.6-fold; P = 0.002) and in hot (1.6 \u00b1 1.0-fold) compared with temperate conditions (0.9 \u00b1 0.6-fold; P = 0.003). Downhill running and exercise in hot conditions induced the largest stimuli for leukocyte Hsp72 and Hsp90\u03b1 mRNA increases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00387.2014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,27]],"date-time":"2015-02-27T03:48:57Z","timestamp":1425008937000},"page":"996-1005","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Downhill running and exercise in hot environments increase leukocyte Hsp72 (HSPA1A) and Hsp90\u03b1 (HSPC1) gene transcripts"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"118","author":[{"given":"James A.","family":"Tuttle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Muscle Cellular and Molecular Physiology Research Group, Institute of Sport and Physical Activity Research, Department of Sport Science and Physical Activity, University of Bedfordshire, Bedford, United Kingdom;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul C.","family":"Castle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Muscle Cellular and Molecular Physiology Research Group, Institute of Sport and Physical Activity Research, Department of Sport Science and Physical Activity, University of Bedfordshire, Bedford, United Kingdom;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alan J.","family":"Metcalfe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Muscle Cellular and Molecular Physiology Research Group, Institute of Sport and Physical Activity Research, Department of Sport Science and Physical Activity, University of Bedfordshire, Bedford, United Kingdom;"},{"name":"School of Exercise and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adrian W.","family":"Midgley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sport and Physical Activity, Edgehill University, Ormskirk, United Kingdom; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lee","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Muscle Cellular and Molecular Physiology Research Group, Institute of Sport and Physical Activity Research, Department of Sport Science and Physical Activity, University of Bedfordshire, Bedford, United Kingdom;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark P.","family":"Lewis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"24","reference":[{"key":"B1","unstructured":"Amorim F, Moseley PL. 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