{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T15:01:14Z","timestamp":1772550074798,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"American Physiological Society","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Applied Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We have reinvestigated the hypothesis of the relative importance of glomus cell plasma and mitochondrial membrane potentials ( E<jats:sub>m<\/jats:sub>and \u03c8<jats:sub>m<\/jats:sub>, respectively) in acute hypoxia by a noninvasive fluorescence microimaging technique using the voltage-sensitive dyes bis-oxonol and JC-1, respectively. Short-term (24 h)-cultured rat glomus cells and cultured PC-12 cells were used for the study. Glomus cell E<jats:sub>m<\/jats:sub>depolarization was indirectly confirmed by an increase in bis-oxonol (an anionic probe) fluorescence due to a graded increase in extracellular K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>. Fluorescence responses of glomus cell E<jats:sub>m<\/jats:sub>to acute hypoxia (\u223c10 Torr Po<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) indicated depolarization in 20%, no response in 45%, and hyperpolarization in 35% of the cells tested, whereas all PC-12 cells consistently depolarized in response to hypoxia. Furthermore, glomus cell E<jats:sub>m<\/jats:sub>hyperpolarization was confirmed with high CO (\u223c500 Torr). Glomus cell \u03c8<jats:sub>m<\/jats:sub>depolarization was indirectly assessed by a decrease in JC-1 (a cationic probe) fluorescence. Accordingly, 1 \u03bcM carbonyl cyanide p-trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone (an uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation), high CO (a metabolic inhibitor), and acute hypoxia (\u223c10 Torr Po<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) consistently depolarized the mitochondria in all glomus cells tested. Likewise, all PC-12 cell mitochondria depolarized in response to FCCP and hypoxia. Thus, although bis-oxonol could not show glomus cell depolarization consistently, JC-1 monitored glomus cell mitochondrial depolarization as an inevitable phenomenon in hypoxia. Overall, these responses supported our \u201cmetabomembrane hypothesis\u201d of chemoreception.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00725.2001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,3]],"date-time":"2015-03-03T20:42:53Z","timestamp":1425415373000},"page":"1987-1998","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Effect of acute hypoxia on glomus cell<i>E<\/i><sub>m<\/sub>and \u03c8<sub>m<\/sub>as measured by fluorescence imaging"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"93","author":[{"given":"Arijit","family":"Roy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jinqing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abu-Bakr","family":"Al-Mehdi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Environmental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6085"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anil","family":"Mokashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sukhamay","family":"Lahiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"24","reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0034-5687(94)90043-4"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5849(96)00574-6"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2736(87)90055-1"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj3120001"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1989.sp017663"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2736(84)90535-2"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(95)01122-6"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2736(91)90073-H"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-199401000-00026"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.1998.819ba.x"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1994.sp020143"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-2828(91)90032-H"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-08907-1_2","volume":"83","author":"Cohen LB","year":"1978","journal-title":"Rev Physiol Biochem Pharmacol"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0034-5687(97)00085-6"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1992.sp019115"},{"key":"B17","first-page":"177","volume":"12","author":"Freedman JC","year":"1981","journal-title":"Int Rev Cytol"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.97.20.11080"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.1996.271.4.C1172"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(82)90369-5"},{"key":"B22","first-page":"161","volume":"9","author":"Lahiri S.","year":"1994","journal-title":"News Physiol Sci"},{"key":"B23","first-page":"1183","author":"Lahiri S.","year":"1996","journal-title":"Handbook of Physiology. 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