{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T07:56:47Z","timestamp":1791014207463,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"American Physiological Society","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Applied Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Asthma is characterized by chronic airways inflammation, airway wall remodeling, and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR). An increase in airway smooth muscle has been proposed to explain a major part of AHR in asthma. We have used unbiased stereological methods to determine whether airway smooth muscle hyperplasia and AHR occurred in sensitized, antigen-challenged Brown Norway (BN) rats. Ovalbumin (OA)-sensitized BN rats chronically exposed to OA aerosol displayed airway inflammation and a modest level of AHR to intravenously administered ACh 24 h after the last antigen challenge. However, these animals did not show an increase in smooth muscle cell (SMC) number in the left main bronchus, suggesting that short-lived inflammatory mechanisms caused the acute AHR. In contrast, 7 days after the last aerosol challenge, there was a modest increase in SMC number, but no AHR to ACh. Addition of FCS to the chronic OA challenge protocol had no effect on the degree of inflammation but resulted in a marked increase in both SMC number and a persistent (7-day) AHR. These results raise the possibility that increases in airway SMC number rather than, or in addition to, chronic inflammation contribute to the persistent AHR detected in this model. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00738.2001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,3]],"date-time":"2015-03-03T20:42:35Z","timestamp":1425415355000},"page":"1833-1840","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Antigen-induced airway inflammation in the Brown  Norway rat results in airway smooth muscle hyperplasia"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"93","author":[{"given":"K. 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