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The animals were separated into eight experimental groups, and core temperature or metabolic rate was measured in the rats while they were exercising or while they were at rest after injection of 2 \u03bcl of 5 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>\u22123<\/jats:sup> M physostigmine (Phy) or 0.15 M NaCl solution (Sal) into the lateral cerebral ventricle. Metabolic rate was determined by the indirect calorimetry system, and colonic temperature was recorded as an index of core temperature. In resting animals, Phy induced only a small increase in metabolic rate compared with Sal injection, without having any effect on core temperature. During exercise, the Phy-treated animals showed a lower core heating rate (0.022 \u00b1 0.003\u00b0C\/min Phy vs. 0.033 \u00b1 0.003\u00b0C\/min Sal; P &lt; 0.02), lower heat storage (285 \u00b1 37 cal Phy vs. 436 \u00b1 34 cal Sal; P &lt; 0.02) and lower core temperature at fatigue point than the Sal-treated group (38.5 \u00b1 0.1\u00b0C Phy vs. 39.0 \u00b1 0.1\u00b0C Sal; P &lt; 0.05). However, despite the lower core heating rate, heat storage, and core temperature at fatigue, the Phy-treated rats showed a similar running time compared with the Sal-treated group. We conclude that the activation of the central cholinergic system during exercise increases heat dissipation and attenuates the exercise-induced increase in core temperature without affecting running performance. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00742.2003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,3,23]],"date-time":"2004-03-23T01:53:39Z","timestamp":1080006819000},"page":"333-338","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Intracerebroventricular physostigmine facilitates heat loss mechanisms in running rats"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"97","author":[{"given":"Alex G.","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nilo R. 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